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Latouche/Kingsnorth and Hine - Coggle Diagram
Latouche/Kingsnorth and Hine
Latouche
Farewell to Growth
We must revitalize agriculture by getting rid of pesticides. Bring back natural agriculture.
Chemical pesticides include neurotoxins which weakens immune system and causes cancer.
Related to Marcuse's idea of “pacification of existence”: man's evolving struggle with other man and nature, where the competing needs, desires, and aspirations are no longer organized by personal interests in domination and scarcity; this organization perpetuates the destructive forms of this struggle.
Involves the reduction of power in order to create the time and space to become more productive (ex. gaining your own personal freedom without people overseeing you and being able to achieve the life you want. Taking away the boundaries and limits of who can get what kind of job.
Ultimate goal is to bring the natural environment and human society to
homeostasis
.
Focus on creating more jobs rather than increasing productivity to greater amounts than we know what to do with. As supply increases, demand and price decreases.
Reduce overdevelopment if we
really
want to have freedom.
Exchange more intangible goods, such as friendship and knowledge, and exchange less intangible goods. In this way, the giver does not loose anything.
Raoul Follereau said: "Happiness is the only thing we can be sure of having once we have given it to someone." Everyone can enjoy it and also give it to others.
Examples include: family game night, dinner with a friend, playing a sport with others.
Jean-Paul Besset said: "most of the joys (and pains) of life are "relational".
They go hand-in-hand; connected.
Suggests implementing heavy penalties for spending on advertising
In 2006, Association for the Taxation of Financial Transactions to Aid Citizens (Attac) suggested that we:
Put a tax on share dealing and other financial transactions.
Add additional unitary tax on the profits of transnational firms to reduce tax dumping (when a company tries to pay the lowest amount of taxes possible, by selling goods/products at a loss or unfair competition).
Tax on carbon emissions.
A global wealth tax; no more bank confidentiality and tax havens (small, well-governed tax jurisdictions with sparse domestic economic activity. They impose l
ow or zero
tax rates on
foreign investors.
This attracts a significant amount of capital inflow, particularly from high-tax countries).
Tax on highly active nuclear waste with a long lifespan.
It costs twice as much to produce one-kilowatt-hour as it does to save it.
So, there are four factors with different effects:
The loss of productivity that would result from abandoning the thermo-industrial model, polluting technologies, and plants that require significant amounts of energy
Relocalize activities and stop the exploitation of the South.
Creating green jobs in the new sectors of activity.
Changing our lifestyles to remove useless "needs".
The De-growth project will not succeed until we transform waged work so that working classes can have room for leisure; that is, allow them the objective and subjective means for this.
Kingsnorth and Hine
Uncivilization: The Dark Mountain Manifesto
The manifesto was their way of putting into words the ideas and feelings that led to the
Dark Mountain Project.
When the pattern we rely on for our daily activities gets eliminated, whether by civil war, natural disaster, or smaller-scale tragedies, our daily activities become meaningless or impossible. Also, meeting basic needs we once took for granted may occupy much of our lives.
War correspondents and relief workers report the fragility of the fabric and the speed with which it can unravel.
The world's societies paint a false picture of how they achieve progress. However, these narratives prevent us from seeing the extent of the ecological, social, and cultural unravelling that is occurring.
1896: Joseph Conrad's writings exposed the civilizations that European imperialists exported to be little more than a comforting illusion; not only in the unconquerable heart of Africa, but in the whited burials of their capital cities. The inhabitants of that civilization believed "blindly in the irresistible force of its institutions and its morals, in the power of its police and of its opinion." The imperialists maintained their power because of the maintained only by the seeming solidity of the crowd of like-minded believers surrounding them.
Human civilization is an extremely fragile construction. It is built on little more than
belief
; belief in the rightness of its values; belief in the strength of its system of law and order; belief in its currency; above all, belief in its future.
Seems to coincide with
hope
; hope that the people put in positions of authority will carry out the job their were assigned to do; for the good of the state.
What remains after the fall of a civilization is a mixture of cultural debris, confused and angry people whose certainties have betrayed them, and the forces that were always there, deeper than the foundations of the city walls:
the desire to survive and the desire for meaning.
According to their website: "We are making art that doesn’t take the centrality of humans for granted. We are tracing the deep cultural roots of the mess the world is in. And we are looking for other stories, ones that can help us make sense of a time of disruption and uncertainty."
Conversations around Dark Mountain often focus on people's fears, doubts, uncertainties and fragile hopes for the future of Earth's climate.
They challenge the myth of progress, the myth of human centrality, and the myth of our separation from 'nature'.
Unchecked industrial exploitation harms and takes away from the ecological systems that sustain it.
The authors do
not
believe that technological solutions to climate change are possible. They believe that we should instead rethink how we define "progress".
2009: Kingsnorth and Hine founded the Dark Mountain Project: "a network of writers, artists, and thinkers who have stopped believing the stories our civilization tells itself".
The manifesto invited a larger conversation about rewriting our societies' stories.
Economic globalization, which had dominated the preceding decades, is destabilizing; it is becoming a thing of the past.