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Genetic Variation - Coggle Diagram
Genetic Variation
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The DNA in cells of each type of organism is arranges neatly into a species-specific number of packets or structures known as chromosomes
The number of chromosomes varies from species to species
Human: 46
Dolphins : 44
Rice : 24
Peas : 14
Mosquito : 6
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Mutation happen regularly through mistakes in replicating or reproducing the DNA during cell division
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Sex: In the process of making the sperm cells and egg cells used in sexual reproduction, a huge amount of genetic recombination occurs
This results the new combinations of alleles, and when these genetically-varried sperms and eggs come together at fertilization, the result is offspring that are genetically unique individuals
Individual differences that are the focus of the selection process, some of the recombinations make an individual more fit than others, more able to survive, and more able to have offspring off their own.
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Conclusion: Mutations and new combinations of alleles that produce variability in the genetic code and therefore, in the traits of individuals. Environmental circumstances select for or against the genetically-encoded traits. Traits that are selected for are passed on to succeeding generations. As populations diverge and continue to diverge over time, the branching tree full of ancestor and descendant species formed and keeps growing.
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The sequences of nucleotides spell out codes that give orders to the cellular machinery to make the cell work.
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