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Nomenclature + Isomerism in Organic Compounds - Coggle Diagram
Nomenclature + Isomerism
in Organic Compounds
Functional
Group
D: a reactive group
within a compound
Examples
Hydroxyl - OH
Carboxyl - COOH
Methyl - CH3
Homologous
Series
contains compounds
which have:
the
same
general formula
similar
chemical
properties
gradation
in physical
properties
successive
members
differ by CH2
Isomers
Stereo
Isomers
Geometric
Isomers
Why do they exist?
restricted rotation
around the C=C leading
to different 3-D arrangements
2 different atoms
on each of carbons in
double bond
Z
is used when highest priority
group are on
SAME SIDE
of
C=C bond
E
is used when highest priority
group are on
OPPOSITE SIDES
of C=C bond
Priority
is determined by
ATOMIC NUMBER
D: molecules with the same structural
formula, but different arrangement of
atoms due to presence if 1 or more
C=C bond
Optical
Isomers
Structural
Isomers
D: molecules which have the same
molecular formula but a different
structural formula
Saturated
Hydrocarbon
D: contains no C=C or
C(triple)C bonds
Unsaturated
Hydrocarbons
D: contains at least one
C=C or C(triple)C bond
Hydrocarbon
contains C + H only