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The First World War - Coggle Diagram
The First World War
Causes of the war
Compete for certain areas
France
Want to recover Alsace-Lorraine region
Germany
Compete for control of colonies
Especially Morocco
Austro-Hungarian Empire
Russian Empire competed with him for Balkans
Serbia was angry because his expansion
Great Britain
Saw the supremacy of its merchant navy threatened
When German Empire constructed large fleet of merchant ships to dominate international trade
War between Austro-Hungarian empire and Serbia
Governments wanted war
Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated in Sarajevo
He was shot by a young Bosnian Serb nationalist
Pre-war crisis
1908
Austro-Hungarian Empire annexed Bosnia-Herzegovina
Angered Russia and Serbia
1911
Germany recognised Morocco as a French protectorate
France ceded part of the Congo to Germany
1905
Germany tried to establish Morocco as a German protectorate
1912-13
Ottoman Empire was declared the war
By
Bulgaria
Greece
Serbia
Montenegro
Wanted possession of its territories in the Balkans
Ottoman Empire was defeated and a second war started
The Treaty of Bucharest was signed
Bulgaria was defeated
Serbia expanded its Balkan territories
Alliances during the first world war
The Central Powers
Austro-Hungarian Empire allied with
Ottoman empires
Were joined by Bulgaria
The German
Italy mantained neutral in war
The Allies
Serbia was allied with the Triple Entente
They were joined by
Romania
The United States
Italy
Greece
Japan
Portugal
Belgium
China
Various Latin American republics
Phases of the war
Trench warfare
Build trenches
Both sides focused on defending their positions
Defend themselves using new weapons
New military tactics
Battle of Jutland
British defeated the Germans
For example
In Verdun by Germany
At the Somme by Great Britain
Incorporation and withdrawal of allies
United States join the war on side of the Allies
Germany had initiated submarine attacks
Endangering American merchant fleet that supplied
Britain
France
Russia withdraw from the war after signing Peace of Brest-Litovsk
Initial German offensives
Germany
Put the Schlieffen Plan
Launching a rapid offensive on
The Western Front, invading Belgium
The north of France, reach Paris
French and British armies stopped their advance at the First Battle of the Marne
The end of the war and the Armistice
Second Battle of the Marne
Allies advance thanks to Americans help
Central Powers were forced to seek peace
Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicated
Armistice was signed
Economy and society during the war
War Economy
Agricultural and consumer goods production decreased
Caused shortages of some products and prices increased.
Industrial sector focused on production of military equipment and supplies
Governments intervened
Rationing was introduced
The black market developed
New jobs and customs
Young mens were recruited into armed forces
Women leave the home to fill the positions of mens
The peace settlement
Paris Peace Conference
Woodrow Wilson proposed the Fourteen Points
Based on create a
Establishment of democratic states
Freedom of trade
League of Nations
Respect for nation's right to self-determination
The plan was rejected by the Allied countries
Paris Peace Settlement
Five separate treaties
Germany = Treaty of Versailles
Established severe terms
Payment of huge economic reparations
Reduction of its territories
Prohibition of heavy artillery, planes and submarines
Demilitarisation of the region of the Rhineland
Division of its eastern territories to give Poland access to the sea
Austria = Treaty of Saint Germain
Hungary = Treaty of Trianon
Bulgaria = Treaty of Neuilly
Ottoman Empire = Treaty of Sèvres
League of Nations was created
Proposed by President Wilson
United States Senate refused to
Join thenew international organisation
Ratify the peace agreements
The consequences of the first world war
Territorial consequences
The new map of Europe
Austro-Hungarian Empire
Hungary
Czechoslovakia
Austria
Yugoslavia
Russian Empire
Lithuania
Finland
Latvia
Poland
Estonia
German Empire
Part of Czechoslovakia
Part of Poland
German Republic
Ottoman Empire
Jordan
Syria
Lebanon
Iraq
Turkey
Part of Arabia
Palestine
Redistribution of the colonies
Allied powers
Industrial development
Provided them with raw materials, workforce and markets
Countries benefited
Great Britain gained
Palestine
Iraq
France gained
Syria
Lebanon
Social and economic consequences
Destruction of the cities
Created a negative impact on the economy
Incorporation of women in the workplace
Women did not accept the return to traditional role
Decrease in population
Drastic reduction in available workforce and birth rates
Loss of Europe's economic power
United States became the world's leading economic power
