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philosophy and effics - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Jibril: The chief archangel who delivered the revelation of the Qur’an.
      - Mika’il: An archangel who is in charge of plants and rain, and asks Allah to treat us mercifully at judgement.
      - Israfil: An archangel who announces the Day of Judgement.
      - Munkar and Nakir: interrogators
      - Raqib and Atid: recording angels
- - - - To bear witness that there is only one God and that Muhammad is his messenger.
      - If said with intention (keyword: niyyah) this forms part of the ceremony to convert to Islam.
      - The words of the Shahadah are whispered into the ears of the newly born and those near to death.
    - - Salah means prayer, to communicate with God.
      - Sunni Muslims set aside time to pray five times a day.
      - Before prayer, Muslims perform wudu - a ritual wash to prepare themselves.
      - Muslims also try to pray as a community at the mosque. This is known as Jummah prayer.
    - - Zakah involves giving a proportion of wealth to those less fortunate.
      - It is often considered a charity tax in that it is paid yearly (often during Ramadan) and is 2.5% of wealth.
      - Zakat is given to help Muslims recognise that they are khalifas (stewards) of God’s earth.
      - Charities like Islamic Relief spend Zakat money responsibly.
    - - Sawm means to fast during the month of Ramadan.
      - The month of Ramadan is special as it is believed to be the month in which Muhammad received the first revelations of the Qur’an.
      - During Ramadan, Muslims perform Sawm by not eating or drinking during daylight hours.
      - Sawm is also about self control, and focusing on God.
    - - Hajj involves a once-in-a-lifetime pilgrimage (religious journey) to Makkah.
      - The Hajj involves visiting several significant locations, each one recalling an action of either Muhammad or Ibrahim.
      - The Hajj involves circling the Kaaba - the focus of their daily prayers when at home.
      - Muslis connect with the ummah while on Hajj.
- - - - God has many attributes
        
        Omnipotent / all powerful
        
        Omniscient / all knowing
        
        Omnibenevolent / all loving
      - God in Christianity is a trinity, comprised of:
        
        The Father - God as a lawmarker
        
        The Son - God incarnate (Jesus)
        
        The Holy Spirit - God's creative energy
      - God loves his creation and intervenes to ensure the survival of his people, such as:
        
        God spoke to Abraham and promised that he would the father of many nations if he followed him.
        
        In Egypt God used his power to help Moses to free the Israelite slaves.
        
        God sent Jesus to die for humanity's sins and rise again to defeat death
    - - Salvation means to be saved:
        
        Saved from our sins
        
        Saved from hell
      - Christians believe that we will be judged by God based on our faith (whether we believed) and on our actions (whether our beliefs motivated us to love and serve others).
      - Christians believe that we can only reach heaven by accepting Jesus’ death as a sacrifice that atones for (covers up) our sins.
      - Ultimately, Christians believe that God has a plan for the universe and so it is up to him who will be saved.
      - The gift of salvation is often called ‘grace’ in that God grants us the gift of understanding and helps us to live a life that helps others.
    - - Christians believe that the person of Jesus
      - is God the Son incarnate (in human flesh).
      - The Old Testament tells of how despite Adam and Eve broke away from God, a saviour would one day come who would be descended from an ancient king called David.
      - The New Testament details how Jesus was born of a virgin, Mary, to a family descended from King David.
      - Jesus grew up and learnt the Jewish scriptures, debating with Jewish leaders.
      - He began teaching about the afterlife, about God and about the importance of loving others.
      - To explain his teachings, Jesus performed miracles such as walking on water to show God’s power.
      - Jesus taught people that in order for people to reach heaven, their sins must be wiped clean by a sacrifice.
      - Jesus was arrested and put to death by the Roman authorities as many believed that he was the saviour predicted in the Jewish writings (the Old Testament).
      - The New Testament records many accounts of Jesus rising from the dead.
      - The Bible records that Jesus ascended (rose) into heaven and promised to return to bring the kingdom of heaven to earth.
    - - An eternal
      - punishment for people who did not follow Jesus.
      - Hell is described by Jesus as a place of separation from God.
      - Some Christians that hell involves physical pain and fire, whereas others believe it is a spiritual experience.
      - Jesus’ story of The Sheep and the Goats shows us that people who do not help others and who rebel (like goats) will go to Hell.
    - - The realm of God, where good, faithful Christians will go after their death.
      - Heaven is spoken of by Jesus as a place of paradise.
      - Because of our sin, we cannot enter heaven without accepting Jesus’ death on our behalf.
      - Some believe heaven to be a spiritual place for the soul.
      - Catholics often believe in a bodily resurrection where the saved will be given new bodies and coexist with God.
      - Jesus’ story of The Sheep and the Goats shows us that people who follow (like sheep) and do good will go to Heaven.
    - - The Bible is a collection of books, usually split into two collections:
        
        The Old Testament - Jewish holy books that tell of the creation and contain prophecies about a future saviour.
        
        The New Testament - early Christian writings on the life of Jesus and the development of early Christianity.
      - Christians believe that the Bible was written by humans but inspired by God.
      - The Bible contains God’s laws for humankind, including the Ten Commandments (in the OT) and the teachings of Jesus (in the NT).
      - By reading the NT Christians can see how Jesus fulfilled the prophecies in the OT.
      - By reading the OT, Christians can learn more about God and his relationship with humans.
    - - Jesus states that the most important rules of God are “love the lord your God” and “love your neighbour as you love yourself”.
      - Jesus told the Parable of the Good Samaritan to show the importance of love.
      - The Parable of the rich man and Lazarus tells Christians about who will go to heaven.
      - Parable of the Unforgiving Servant teaches people to ‘forgive as you wish to be forgiven’.
      - Jesus also teaches us to ‘love your enemies’ and to ‘turn the other cheek’ when faced with violence.
    - - The book of Genesis tells of how the ‘Spirit of God’ created a ‘good’ world using pure willpower.
      - Literal Christians would interpret this book to mean that God created the world in seven days.
      - Liberal Christians would interpret this story as a metaphor.
      - God created humankind in his image (with free will) and tells of how humans were separated from God through disobeying him.
  - - - Christians believe they have a mission to evangelise
      - (to spread Jesus’ message to others) Jesus commanded
      - his followers to “make disciples of all nations”.
      - Christians who evangelise are sometimes called missionaries.
      - Charities like Open Doors try to help persecuted Christians.
      - The World Council of Churches is an ecumenical movement that works to bring together the different denominations.
      - Tearfund is a Christian charity that helps to fight poverty around the world and fulfil Jesus’ teaching to ‘love your neighbour’.