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Risk Factors - Coggle Diagram
Risk Factors
Stress
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A03
Tavolacci - Supporting research = highly stressed university students and a link with cyber addiciton, alcohol and smoking regularly
CAUSATION = whether stress is a by-product or causal factor
- EG = GAMBLING - stress will happen when a gambling addict gambles their house away
Personality
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A03
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We should adopt an idiographic approach to help treat addiction
HOWEVER - we usually treat addiction as a nomothetic approach
Peer
A01
3 FACTORS;
- association with people who have said addiction
- experienced peers provide opportunities
- Overestimation of how much peers do of the addiction
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A03
Kobus = Literature review - peer influences encourage but also deter smoking but the psychological process needs more research
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Genetics Vulnerability
A01
- Low levels of D2 receptors = addiction
- Gene-environment interaction = leads to development of addiction
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A03
Kendler and Prescott = Twin study - Concordance rate between cocaine usage (MZ = 54% DZ = 42%) and cocaine dependence (MZ ONLY = 35%)
Only explores the cause (STRESS) not the onset (TRIGGER) = THEREFORE - an issue of causation and will lack validity