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THE FIRST WORLD WAR - Coggle Diagram

- - - - was angry about the expansion of the Austro-Hungarian Empire
  - - - German Empire
      - Franco-Prussian War
    - - competed for control of colonies
        
        Morocco
  - - - become an economic power
      - during the Second Industrial Revolution
  - - - spending on arms
      - be prepared in case of war
    - - influenced public opinion in favour of war
    - - failed in their attempts to avoid war
    - - heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire
      - was shot by a young Bosnian Serb nationalist
      - 1914, the Austro-Hungarian Empire declared war on Serbia
      - sent them an ultimatum, which was ignored
    - - In 1908
        
        Austro-Hungarian Empire annexed Bosnia-Herzegovina
        
        protests from the Serbians living in Bosnia
        
        angered Russia
      - In 1911
        
        Germany recognised Morocco as a French protectorate
        
        France ceded a part of its territories in the Congo to Germany
      - In 1905
        
        Germany wanted to keep Morocco out of France's control
        
        failed
      - In 1912–13
        
        war on the Ottoman Empire
        
        Greece
        
        for the possession of its territories in the Balkans
        
        Montenegro
        
        Serbia
        
        Bulgaria
        
        a second war was fought
  - - - Austro-Hungarian Empire allied with the German and Ottoman empires
        
        joined by Bulgaria
      - Italy belonged to the Triple Alliance
        
        promised to remain neutral
    - - Serbia was allied with the Triple Entente
        
        Great Britain
        
        Russian empire
        
        France
        
        joined
        
        Belgium
        
        Italy
        
        Japan
        
        United states
        
        Romania
        
        Portgal
- - - - launching a rapid offensive on the Western Front
      - invading Belgium
      - the north of France with the aim of reaching Paris
        
        France was defeated
        
        German troops advanced on the Eastern Front
        
        to fight the Russians
      - French and British armies stopped their advance
        
        First Battle of the Marne
  - - - Between Germany and the Allies
        
        a new phase of the war
        
        focused on defending their positions
        
        they built trenches
    - - new military tactics
      - they used battleships and submarines
      - Battle of Jutland
        
        British fleet defeated the German fleet
  - - - join the war on the side of the Allies
      - German submarines had sunk
      - Germany had initiated submarine attacks
      - a political and social revolution
        
        the Russian Empire caused Russia to withdraw from the war
        
        signing the Peace of Brest-Litovsk
  - - - the Second Battle of the Marne
    - - the Armistice was signed
  - - - trench foot and trench fever
      - lice, fleas and rats
- - - - imposed on the defeated countries
    - - (1919–1920)
        
        between the representatives of the victorious countries
  - - - democratic states
      - freedom of trade
      - respect for a nation's right
      - self-determination
    - - France, Britain and Italy
      - France
        
        insisted on severe conditions for the defeated countries
        
        Germany to be responsible for the war
  - - - Treaty of Saint Germain
    - - Treaty of Trianon
    - - Treaty of Versailles
        
        particularly severe terms for Germany
        
        reduction of its territories
        
        division of its eastern territories
        
        prohibition of heavy artillery
        
        ...
        
        German representatives protested
        
        source of future conflict
    - - Treaty of Neuilly
    - - Treaty of Sèvres
  - - - Destruction of the cities
      - Incorporation of women in the workplace
      - Decrease in population
      - Loss of Europe's economic power
    - - The new map of Europe
      - Redistribution of the colonies
- - - - all economic activity was directed towards the war effort
      - The industrial sector
        
        concentrated on the production of military equipment and supplies
      - Agricultural and consumer goods production
        
        decreased
        
        there weren't enough labourers
        
        prices increased
      - Governments intervened
        
        to control the distribution of basic goods and food
        
        Rationing was introduced
        
        the black market developed
    - - young men
        
        conscripted
        
        recruited into the armed forces
      - Women
        
        fill the positions the men had left
        
        jobs in economic sectors
        
        previously only been done by men
        
        industry, transport and offices