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WMC - Coggle Diagram
WMC
Chemical Immobilization
Immobilizing Agent
Opiods
Cyclohexalamines
Alfaxalone
NMJ Blockers
Tranquilizers
Phenothiazines
Butyrophenone derivatives
Azaperone (Stresnil-40mg/kg, VTech, Kyron- 100mg/kg)
USE
Rhino transport for short trips
Dart or top up tranquilizer, sedative at higher dose
ADMIN
IV / IM
Water soluble
Effect in 15-20m, lasts up to 4h
SIDE EFFECTS
Paradoxical Aggression
Haloperidol (Serenace-5mg/ml, Kyron, V-Tech)
ADMIN
Not miscible with other drugs
IV / IM
IV- Immediate, IM - 1-2h. Lasts 8-18h
SIDE EFFECTS
Paradoxical Aggresion
Extra-pyramidal signs
SIDE EFFECTS
Anorexia
Rumen stasis
Extra-pyramidal Symptoms
Akinesia (inability to initiate directed movements)
Akathisia (inability to remain motionless)
Allotriophagia
Tremors, rigidity, pawing
Postural abnormalities
Torticollis
Stargazing
Treatment of symptoms using Akineton (10-20 mg IM/IV) may be successful
Benzodiazepines
Alpha 2 Agonists
USE
Relieve anxiety
Reduce hostility
Moderate Excitement
Decrease motor activity
ADMINISTRATION
Ceiling Effect, but ⬆ dose -> ⬆ side effects
No antidote
Supportive Drugs
Long Acting Tranquilizers (LANs)
Zuclopenthixol Acetate
Clopixol-Acuphase (100 mg/2ml)
Zuclopenthixol decanoate
Perphenazine enanthate
Sedatives
Benzodiazepines
Diazepam
Midazolam
USE
Relieve Anixiety
Reduce hostility
Decrease motor activity
Moderate excitement
Muscle relaxation
ADMINISTRATION
⬆Dose -> ⬆Effect
Antidotes available (Flumazenil)