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Political Parties 2.2 - Socialism & the Labour Party: - Coggle Diagram
Political Parties 2.2 - Socialism & the Labour Party:
Socialism:
Principles of socialism:
Strong welfare state
Redistribution of wealth
Nationalisation
Strands of UK socialism/ the Labour Party
Old Labour
Follows principles of socialism:
Reject Free-market reforms
What did Old Labour do?
Welfare state & NHS created under Attlee
Nationalisation of coal, rail and energy - between 1946-early 50s + Bank of England nationalised 1946
Comprehensive education for children to improve equality of opportunity
Equal pay introduced 1970
New Labour:
Revision of trad labour values and policies - repeal of clause 4 (nationalisation and removing cap)
Influenced by Giddens and enforced by Blair
Saw labour shift focus from wc to wider class base and less alliance to TUs
Everyone should be supported by state not just wc
State should enable economy, regulate not control
Individualism - individual goals but recognition that we are all part of community
UK = undemocratic - political and constitutional reforms needed
What did New Labour do?
Big increase in NHS & school spending
Encouraged employment with work tax credits and raising minimum wage
Some reductions in coporate tax to encourage enterprise
Constitutional reform e.g HRA, Devolution, HoL
Bank of England independence from political control - 4 days after winning election in 97
Remove clause IV - corbyn in interview with independent that he would consider reinstating it, but never did
Policies for current Labour Party(ish):
Economy:
Pragmatic view including targets to reduce public-sector debts
Social justice:
Some adjustments to tax to fund mild redistribution of wealth from richest to poorest
Industry:
To remain in private hands but regulated by state
Welfare:
Supports strong welfare state and well-funded health & education services - But, benefits should be capped to encourage work and prevent abuse of sys
Law and Order:
Mixture of authoritarian measures and social 'remedies' to crime
Foreign policy:
Retention of Trident
Strong support for NATO and US
The Labour Party:
Established 1900
WW1 & women's right to vote facilitated establishment of party
Labour joined Churchill in war-time coalition
Attlee won post-war landslide gov
Wilson returned to power in 1964
Thatcher blocks Labour route to power
Blair 1997 - largest labour majority - 179
Labour Party Factions:
Momentum:
Formed as result of Corbyn's leadership
Made from 'Old Labour' socialists
Grassroots movement
Founded by Jon Lansman et al
Policies:
Large redistribution of wealth through tax reforms
Public ownership of major industries
Firm state regulation of finance industry
Abandonment of Trident
The Third Way:
Policies of New Labour were successful and should be sustained
Oppose party shift left under Corbyn
Prominent members: Hilary Benn, Yvette Cooper
Blue Labour:
Founded by policy advisor Maurice Glasman
Believes that many wc voters are socially conservative (immigration, crime, community) whilst still favouring left-wing economic policies (workers' rights) - Gasman claimed the loss of former labour voters to UKIP in 2015 was proof of this
Supports free market but proposes protection for UK industry from foreign competition - British jobs for British workers'
Advocates for local and democratic community management and provision of services - as they see trad welfare state as excessively bureaucratic