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Immune System- Andrew Sanchez-Vasquez Period:5 - Coggle Diagram
Immune System- Andrew Sanchez-Vasquez Period:5
Humoral and Celluar Responses
Humoral Responses(Mediated by B cells, circulating antibodies against bacteria and virus infections, Examples: Fever,Interferon and Breast Milk)
Celluar Responses(Used White Blood Cells to target against cell, Mediated by T cells,Examples: Memory T cells that provide response to any future exposure)
Artificial and Natural acquired immunity
Artifical Acquired Immunity(Exposure to a vaccine containing dead pathogens, Stimulated of a immune response without the serve symptoms of a disease)
Natural Acquired Immunity(Exposure to live pathogens, Stimulation of an immune response with symptoms of a disease)
Cell involved in the immune system and their functions
MAST Cell(Contributes to allergies and has histamine, anchored in tissues, also causes inflammation)
Dendritic Cell(Present antigen to native t-cells, matures in body tissue)
Basophil(Contains Histamine that causes inflammation)
Lymphocytes(Clonal process to fight off infections, white blood cells)
Eosinophil(Contains Enzymes,Target worms and circulates in blood)
B cells(Membrane-bound antibodies, produce many antibodies)
Neutrophil(Fast-Acting,Most abundant phagocyte,migrates in damaged tissue)
T cells(Coordinate immune responses and kill infected cells)
Macrophage(Presents antigen to helper T-Cells, Secretes Cytokines)
Natural Killer Cells(Cytotoxic, kills antibody-tagged cells)
Major Functions of the Lymphatic and Immune System
Functions(Protects the body from illness, causes invaders, maintains body fluid levels, absorbing digestive tract fats and cellular waste)
Purpose and examples of First, Second, Third Defense
Second Defense(Chemical Barriers, Salt,Enzymes,PH,etc, Natural Killer cells,fever,inflammation, fights off infection)
Third Defense(Fights off diseases,Cellular and Humoral Response
First Defense(Mechanical Barriers, Skin and Mucous Membranes,Keeps foreign pathogens away from the body)
Locations and functions of lymphatic organs
Lymph Nodes(Filter substances that travel through the lymphatic fluid, and they contain lymphocytes (white blood cells) that help the body fight infections, located in the armpits,groin,around the gut and between the lungs)
Spleen(Located inside the left rib cage,stores and filters blood and makes white blood cells that protect you from infection)
Tonsils(Helps fight infections, located rear of the throat (pharynx))
Peyer's Patches(Found throughout the ileum region of the small intestine, prevents the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the intestines)
Red Bone Marrow(Found in the Medullary cavity of flat bones, red and white blood cells and platelets are created, Strengthen Immune system and fight infections)
Appendix(Small-Tubed shaped pouch attached to the large intestine, help recovers from infections and inflammation)
MALT(Secondary immune tissues that antigens sampling occurs, located in thyroid,eye,skin,etc)
Thymus(Site of T-Cell Maturation, Posterior to Sternum, Shrinks in size during life-time)
Antigens and Antibodies
Antigens( Large Molecules,triggers an immune response,Ex:Proteins,food chemicals, etc)
Antibodies(Also known as an immunoglobulin, is a large, Y-shaped protein,Specific,stimulates an immune response)
Innate and Adapative Immune Defenses
Innate Defenses
Chemical Barriers(Second Defense,Inflammation, Enzymes, interferons, stomach acid)
Celluar Defenses( Natual Killer Cells, Kills cancer cells,Helper T cells activate B cells that increase inflammatory response)
Physical Barriers(Skins,Hair,Sweat,First defense,
Adaptive Defenses
Active(Obtained through Antigen exposure; memory B cells are produced long-lasting immunity)
Passive(Obtained by receiving antibodies; no memory B cells, short term immunity)
Passive and Active Immunity
Passive Immunity(Antibodies are given rather than produced by person's own body, Example: Vaccine,etc)
Active Immunity(Person's own body produce antibodies in response to presence of pathogen,Example:Breastfeeding)
Disorders associated with the immune system
Type 1 Diabetes(Lack of insulin, destroyed by autoantibodies, May result from viral infection)
Graves Diseases(results in the overproduction of thyroid hormones (hyperthyroidism),rarely deadly)