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Modernism - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Daughters of the Late Colonel by Katherine Mansfield
        
        Perspective, Suspension (emotional), Mourning:
        -Instead of focusing on the tragic and dramatic scenes of death itself, or the healing that follows mourning, Mansfield drops the reader right into the midst of realistic day-to-day mourning. Because of this, the entire story focuses on the two daughters and how they exist in a state of mourning:
        "Then they remembered. It didn't matter. They would never have to stop the organ-grinder again. Never again would she and Constantia be told to make that monkey take his noise somewhere else. Never would sound that loud, strange bellow when father thought they were not hurrying enough. The organ-grinder might play there all day and the stick would not thump." (15)
      - "Easter 1916" by Yeats
        
        Perspective, suspension (political), mourning:
        "The stones in the midst of all"
        Temporal transformation, War:
        "“Now and in time to be, /Wherever green is worn, / Are changed, / changed utterly: / A terrible beauty is born”
    - - Eveline by James Joyce
        
        Perspective, Suspension (spatial), Disappointment
        "If she went, tomorrow she would be on the sea with Frank, steaming towards Buenos Ayres. Their passage had been booked. Could she still draw back after all he had done for her? Her distress awoke a nausea in her body and she kept moving her lips in silent fervent prayer.
        A bell clanged upon her heart. She felt him seize her hand: “Come!” All the seas of the world tumbled about her heart. He was drawing her into them: he would drown her. She gripped with both hands at the iron railing. “Come!” No! No! No! It was impossible.
        
        Epiphany
      - The Dead by James Joyce
        
        Perspective, Suspension (spatial), Disappointment, Love
        -Gabriel becomes aware of the limits of his knowledge:
        "Generous tears filled Gabriel's eyes. He had never felt like that himself towards any woman, but he knew that such a feeling must be love. The tears gathered more thickly in his eyes and in the partial darkness he imagined he saw the form of a young man standing under a dripping tree. Other forms were near. His soul had approached that region where dwell the vast hosts of the dead. He was conscious of, but could not apprehend, their wayward and flickering existence. His own identity was fading out into a grey impalpable world: the solid world itself, which these dead had one time reared and lived in, was dissolving and dwindling"
        Temporal suspension, Stillness:
        "the newspapers were right: snow was general all over Ireland."
      - Araby by James Joyce
        Perspective, Suspension (paralysis), Disappointment:
        -After his epiphany, the boy does not seem to gain any valuable lesson from his newfound knowledge, and the reader anticipates a lack of change:
        "Gazing up into the darkness I saw myself as a creature driven and derided by vanity; and
        my eyes burned with anguish and anger." (5)
        Transformation, Aging:
        -Joyce's represents an entrance to adulthood through the young boy's entrance to Araby; he cannot find the children's entrance, so he uses the adult entrance. Once inside, his perspective of love is transformed by his exposure to the adults' interaction within the bazaar:
        "I could not find any sixpenny entrance and, fearing that the bazaar would be closed, I
        passed in quickly through a turnstile, handing a shilling to a weary-looking man" (4)
  - - - Autumn by Ali Smith
        
        Perspective, Transformation, Aging
        -Daniel Gluck's age and proximity to death are a central focus of the novel
        "Then he looks down again with his new eyes at where his old body was a moment ago and he knows he is dead, he must be dead, he is surely dead, because his body looks different from the last time he looked down at it, it looks better, it looks rather good as bodies go. It looks very familiar, very like his own body but back when it was young."(5)
        Temporal Suspension, Art
        -The Artist Pauline Boty is a central figure of the novel. A lot of her art no longer exists physically, and is represented in photographs. These representations suspend Boty and her art work in time.
        Love
        -Daniel and Elisabeth's love is a driving force of the novel
    - - Prelude by Katherine Mansfield
        
        Fragmentation of Perspective
        Multi-perspectival, multiple narrators
        -Childhood disturbed by witnessing death:
        "He put down the body and it began to waddle–with only a long spurt of blood where the head had been; it began to pad away without a sound towards the steep bank that led to the stream . . . . That was the crowning wonder.
        "Do you see that? Do you see that?" yelled Pip...
        But Kezia suddenly rushed at Pat and flung her arms round his legs and butted her head as hard as she could against his knees.
        "Put head back! Put head back!" she screamed.
        When he stooped to move her she would not let go or take her head away. She held on as hard as she could and sobbed: "Head back! Head back!" until it sounded like a loud strange hiccup.
        "It's stopped. It's tumbled over. It's dead," said Pip. (27)"
        
        Childhood + Tangential encounter with death
      - Heat of the Day by Elizabeth Bowen
        Perspective, Transformation, Fragmentation, War
        "“Overhead, an enemy plane had been dragging, drumming slowly round in the pool of night, drawing up bursts of gunfire--nosing, pausing, turning, fascinated to the point for its intent. The barrage banged, coughed, retched; in here the lights in the mirrors rocked. Now down a shaft of anticipating silence the bomb swung whistling. With the shock of detonation, still to be heard, four walls of in here yawped in then bellied out; bottles danced on glass; a distortion ran through the view. The detonation dulled off into the cataracting roar of a split building: direct hit, somewhere else.
        It was the demolition of an entire moment” (104)
      - "The Wasteland" by T.S. Eliot
        
        Perspective, Transformation, Fragmentation, War
        -Eliot incorporates near constant interpolation and references within his poem to represent the mood of post-war fragmentation
        "These fragments I have shored against my ruins"
      - At the Bay by Katherine Mansfield
        
        Fragmentation of Perspective, Death, Childhood
        -multi-perspectival, occurs in one day, spatially suspended
        Story follows multiple characters, but begins and ends with a description of the bay:
        "A cloud, small, serene, floated across the moon. In that moment of darkness the sea sounded deep, troubled. Then the cloud sailed away, and the sound of the sea was a vague murmur, as though it waked out of a dark dream. All was still." (29)
- - - - To the Lighthouse by Virginia Woolf
        Temporal suspension, Art:
        "That would have been his answer, presumably-- how "you" and "I" and "she" pass and vanish; nothing stays; all changes; but not words, not paint" (182)
        Perspective, Suspension (emotional), Mourning, Love:
        -Not only is Mrs. Ramsay suspended in time as a figure in Lily's memory, but Lily remembers Mr. Ramsay's ability to, herself, suspend time: *
        "Mrs. Ramsay bringing them together; Mrs. Ramsay saying, "Life stand still here."; Mrs. Ramsay making of the moment something permanent (as in another sphere Lily herself tried to make of the moment something permanent)"* (165)
        
        Love
    - - The Tiredness of Rosabel by Katherine Mansfield
        
        Temporal suspension, stillness, dreams, Class:
        -Rosabel dreams of escaping the confines of her socio-economic class:
        "So she slept and dreamed, and smiled in her sleep, and once threw out her arm to feel for something which was not there, dreaming still"
      - "On Being Ill" by Virginia Woolf
        
        Temporal suspension, paralysis of perspective, stillness:
        "If we were all laid prone, frozen, stiff, still the sky would be experimenting with its blues and golds. Perhaps then, looking down at something very small and close and familiar, we shall find sympathy. Let us examine the rose. We have seen it so often flowering in bowls, connected it so often with beauty in its prime, that we have forgotten how it stands, still and steady, throughout an entire afternoon in the earth." (38)
  - - - The Garden Party by Katherine Mansfield
        
        Perspective changed through experience, Childhood, Death, Mourning, Class
        “...Well, there's a young chap living there, name of Scott, a carter. His horse shied at a traction-engine, corner of Hawke Street this morning, and he was thrown out on the back of his head. Killed."
        "Dead!" Laura stared at Godber's man.
        "Dead when they picked him up," said Godber's man with relish. "They were taking the body home as I come up here." And he said to the cook, "He's left a wife and five little ones."
        "Jose, come here." Laura caught hold of her sister's sleeve and dragged her through the kitchen to the other side of the green baize door. There she paused and leaned against it. "Jose!" she said, horrified, "however are we going to stop everything?"
        ”Stop everything, Laura!" cried Jose in astonishment. "What do you mean?"
        "Stop the garden-party, of course." Why did Jose pretend? (6-7)
        
        Socio-economic Class
    - - "Leda and the Swan" by Yeats
        
        Temporal transformation, War, Cycles of Violence
        -Birth and creation through violence
        "A shudder in the loins engenders there / The broken wall, the burning roof and tower / And Agamemnon dead."
        
        Cycles of violence
      - "The Second Coming" by Yeats
        
        Time influenced by political upheaval, War, Transformation, Cycles of Violence
        "Things fall apart; the centre cannot hold; / Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world, / The blood-dimmed tide is loosed, and everywhere"
      - "The Walls Do Not Fall" by HD
        
        Transformation through war, Cycles of Violence, Questions of Perspective, Love
        -What is the poet's role? How do you continue on after war?
        "what saved us? what for?" (2)