Skill and Ability
Degree of control
Types of skill
Definitions:
Precision of movement
Skill
Ability
A learned action with the intention of bring about predetermined results with maxing certainty and mi output of time and energy
Inherited from parents, stable erratic determine individual's potential to learn of acquire skill
Open skill
Closed skill
Unstable environment, people around you, decisions changed externally paced
Stable environment, not affected by others, stay the same no fasters, self paced
Self-paced skill
Externally paced skill
Something else, another factor, learn someones tempo changing
Controlled by you, speed poze, no limit, no pressure
Gross skill
Fine skill
Complexity
Small precise movements, small muscle groups, precession and accuracy
Big movements, large muscle groups, no accuracy or precision
Basic skill
Complex skill
Few decisions needed for success, taught us early onl, fairly quick and easy
Lots of complex decisions, taught after basic skill learned, takes time to master
Goal Setting
Outcome Goals
Performance Goals
SMART targets
Accepted
Realistic
Measurable
Time Bound
Specific
Focus on the end result. Can involve comparison to other competitors
Compare Performance Against what they have already done. No comparison to others
Information Processing
The Basic Model of Information Processing
Input
Decision Making
Output
Feedback
From intrinsic (yourself) or extrinsic (others) feedback. it affects how you complete the skill in the future.
Information is sent to the muscles to carry out the response.
Selection of appropriate response from memory. This can be from the short or long term memory
Performer takes in information from the environment display (selective attention) ie senses, sight, sound.
Selective attention
Memory
Use of the memory to select a suitable decision.
A filtering process whter you pick out the most important and relevent parts of the display and descard the rest.
Decisions from the last 30 seconds come from the short term memory.
Some may need to be recalled from the long term memory.
If a past experience is relevant, it is compared to the information in the short term memory so that a suitable decision can be made
To your sport/position demands
Need to know when you have met it
By the performer and coach
Needs to be possible
Needs to be completed in a set time
Feedback
Information that a performer receives, befor, during or after a performance
Types of feedback
Positive
Negative
Extrinsic
Knowledge of results
Intrinsic
Knowledge of performance
Info received from within, feelings, senses ext
Info received from others
Info about correct movement
Athlete was incorrect at movement
Focuses on how successful you have been achieving your outcomes
Detail about how you did, relative to techniques or specific aspects of movement produced
Guidance
Learning how to perform a skill. Helped by coach or a teacher
Mechanical Guidance
Manual Guidance
Verbal Guidance
Visual Guidance
Performer see something
Telling a performer if they are doing something right or wrong
Mechanical aids to assist a performer
Physical movement by a coach/teacher/performer