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Ch 1.1 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Found in RNA
    - - Found in DNA
      - Contains one extra oxygen
  - - - Double ringed structure
      - Paires with pyramidines, forming cross linkages
      - Adenine, and Guanine
    - - Single ringed structure
      - Paires with purines, forming cross linkages
      - Thymine, Cytosine, and Uracil (Replaces thymine in RNA)
- - - - Allows a large amount of genetic material to be organised in a compact way in the nucleus
        
        5 types of histone proteins form a complex with DNA, creating beads on a string, known as NUCLEOSOMES
        
        DNA wrapped around protein core, two molecules of the four histone types (H2A, H2B, H3, H4)
        
        Fifth histone (H1) attached near bead and organises next level of packing
        
        DNA PACKING
- - - - Keep cell alive and performing designated role
    - - Nuclear Membrane: Encloses nucleus
      - Chromosomes: Store cell controlling information
      - Nuclear Pore: Involved in active transport of substances in and out of nucleus
      - Nucleolus: Involved in ribosome contruction
  - - - One large circular chromosome
      - Not bound to histones
    - - Replicate independently of chromosome
      - Conjugative plasmids can be replaced with other during CONJUGATION
      - Can transfer antibiotic resistance to other bacteria
- - - - Aerocentric: Centromere high or low with satellite endings
      - Submetacentric: Centromere high or low
      - Metacentric: Centromere in between sister chromatids