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Hypoglycemia feature-What-Is-Reactive-Hypoglycemia-Advice-And-Information…
Hypoglycemia 
Definition
Hypoglycemia is a condition caused by a very low level of
blood sugar (glucose) with a reading of less than 3.8 mmol/L
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Pathophysiology
Fasting Hypoglycemia
Results excessive insulin production,decreased glucose production by the liver,hormone deficiencies,tumors of the islet cells and autoimmune diseases.It is neuroglycopaenic symptoms such as mental confusion associated withseizures,and coma
Reactive Hypoglycemia
Occurs within 3-5 hours after meals.Caused by idiopathic delay in insulin secretion or rising postprandial glucose level duerapid gastric emptying in type 2 diabetes pancreas is unable to keep up resulting in delayed insulin hypersecretion resulting in hypoglycemia
Nursing Care Plan
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Nursing Interventions
Administer fast acting food or drinks orally, e.g orange juice,sweet candy
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If incoherent, unconscious and unable to take food orally administer prescribed subcutaneous and or intramuscular glucagon or 43% Dextrose intravenously
When the patient is awake, obtain history regarding recent food
intake or lack of food intake and medication.
Monitor symptoms at frequent intervals, for example,seizures,airway adequacy and vital signs.
Nurse a patient in a pedded cot bed,with the side rails up to prevent injury during seizures.
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Evaluation
After 8 hours the nursing goal is met, evidently by normal blood sugar levels.
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Clinical Manifestations
Mild hypoglycaemia:Drop in blood glucose stimulates thesympathetic nervous system,resulting in a surge of
adrenaline.
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Severe Hypoglycemia:This impairs the central nervous system to the extent that the patient needs assistance.Severe HypoglycemiaDisorientation
Decreased level of consciousness or Total Loss
Difficulty arousing from sleep
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Health Education
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Patient should wear a MedicAlert bracelet to indicate that they are diabetic and type of medication and dosages
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References
Jameson JL, et al., eds. Hypoglycemia. In: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 20th ed. The McGraw-Hill Companies; 2018. https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com. Accessed Jan. 9, 2020.
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