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1.2-The organisation of the criminal justice system in England and Wales. …
1.2-The organisation of the criminal justice system in England and Wales.
Police
Responsible for enforcing the criminal law. They investigate crimes, collect evidence, and arrest, detain and question suspects
The CPS-
Work closely with the CPS in the charging and prosecution of offenders. Provide evidence for the prosecution of offenders. Charge in line with CPS instructions
Prison/probation services-
Work with probation in the management of an offender – they arrest prisoners who have been recalled to prison for breaching their licence.
The Courts
-Police work with the courts to ensure defendants, in custody, are brought before them. Police often give evidence in courts. Give evidence as prosecution witnesses.
The CPS
An independent prosecution service for England and Wales. Assess the evidence that police submit and decide whether to prosecute. Decisions are based in applying the Full Code Test. Prepares and presents the prosecution case in court.
The Police-
CPS advise the police in the early stages of their investigations and advise on what evidence is required to build a case. Advise the police on charging a suspect.
The Courts-
Prepare and present the prosecution case against offenders. Appear in courts to conduct the advocacy of a case (putting the case to court) in the magistrates or crown court. Prepare appeals against sentences-unduly lenient sentence.
HM Prison Service
Supervises offenders in custody and seek to rehabilitate offenders
The Courts-
Carries out the custodial sentences that the court/judge has imposed. Supervises defendants remanded in custody (denied bail) by the court, and transports them to prisons. Prisoners must be brought to and from the court so administration and communication between the two are important.
The Police-
The police arrest a prisoner who has been recalled whilst on probation and ensures their return to prison
National Probation Service-
when a prisoner is to be released. All prisoners who have served up to 2 years and are released on licence will be subject to a minimum of 12 months supervision by the National Probation service.
HM National Probation Service
Supervises offenders who are serving sentences in the community, including prisoners who have been released on license to serve part of their sentence outside prison.
The courts-
supervise offenders give a community sentence by the court. Probation officers will attend the court and provide advice about any breaches. They may be called upon to prepare a report for the court, especially if the court is considering imposing a probation order.
HM Prison service-
supervises prisoners who are released on licence or parole
Police
-Liasion with police should there be any issues (e.g. break conditions of licence or person reoffends) and recall to prison if appropriate
HM Courts and Tribunal Service
Responsible for the administration of the courts and tribunals in England and Wales. Once a suspect is charged they are brought before a court - HM Courts & Tribunals service arrange this.
HM Prison Service
-Liaise with the police and HM Prison Service to ensure safe delivery of prisoners to court
Courts and Judges-
Contributes to law creation through judicial precedent and statutory interpretation. Supervises the efficient running of the court system (e.g. arrange video links if a prisoner cannot attend court for a hearing) ‘Formal punishment’: The Sentencing Council for England and Wales produces guidelines for the judiciary to follow (tries to ensure that the punishment fits the crime and provides consistency throughout the country)