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pH acids and bases - Coggle Diagram
pH acids and bases
Introduction
The pH of a substance gives an indication of its acidity or basicity, or whether it is neutral.
If solution is strong acid= high acidity, low pH value Higher basicity or alkalinity= high pH
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What is pH
pH= power of hydrogen
refers to hydrogen ions in a solution
pH of a solution is a measure of the amount
of acidity or the level of basicity of a substance when it is dissolved in a liquid.
pH requires the presence of a liquid.
pH is by definition the concentration of Hydrogen ions in a solution.
The pH scale
pH of a substance expressed as a value on a scale from 0 to 14, with neutral substance having pH of 7
Bases= +7
Acids= -7
Importance of pH
Correct levels of pH are needed for
optimum functionality in nature. example is the muscles of the human body that are made up of proteins and other substances normally function best at a pH of 6, in other words they need a slightly acidic environment. if pH of environment changes the proteins will denature.
Understanding pH
concept of pH is explained by referring to the water
molecule and the number of Hydronium ions or Hydroxide ions in a volume of water. 
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Common pH values
Acidic and basic substances therefore have a range of pH
values.
-pH of 0 to a pH of 14.
Measuring pH
Cabbage indicator
The cabbage
leaves, once boiled, leaves an extract liquid, which is used as an indicator. When substance placed into clear beaker with indicator a change of colour can be observed according to pH of substance
Litmus paper
filter paper that has been
treated with indicator dyes extracted from a
lichen Lichen parmelia sulcata.
red
appearance of the paper indicates that the
solution is acidic pH<7
paper turns
purple in basic solutions pH>7
Digital meter
hand-held device which, when
placed into a solution, shows the pH reading on a digital
display.
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