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Notes Chapter 9 Food Supply - Coggle Diagram
Notes Chapter 9 Food Supply
Agriculture
The science or practice of farming, including cultivation of the soil for the growing of crops and the rearing of animals to provide food, wool, and other products
Agriculture
Arable farming
Involves crops
Pastoral farming
Involves animals
Mixed farming
Involves both crops and animals
Commercial farming
The farmer sells his output to make
a profit (modern large-scale farming)
Crop produced: cash crops
Subsistence farming
Involves growing crops or animals for
consuption by the farmer and his family
Intensive farming
Area of land
Small
Output per hectare
High
Fertiliser imput per hectare
High
Labour imput per hectare
High
Large machines
Few
Extensive farming
Area of land
Large
Output per hectare
Low
Fertiliser imput per hectare
Low
Labour imput per hectare
Low
Large machines
Many
Imputs
Natural imputs
Land
Human imputs
Capital
Soil erosion
Causes
Soil being exposed and not covered by vegetation
Soil which is loose and damaged by poor agricultural practices, so it loses its structure
Shifting
coltivation
A plot of land is cleared and the ash from burning the vegetation is used as fertiliser
Effects of food shortages
Increases death rate
Diseases linked to protein deficiency
Common illness
Increases expenditure on health services
Fewer children being able to complete schooling
A weaker, less productive workforce, in both non-manual and manual work
Slower economic growth and output because the weaker workforce results in a drain on the economy
Increases depencence on international aid
Rural-urban migration to escape rural poverty, which may have negative effect on the rural economy
Causes of food shortages
Drought
Floods
Tropical cyclones
Pests
Disease
Low capital investment
Poor transport
Wars
Increased use of biofuels
Soil echaustion