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Respiratory System 09 Jackie HernandezP.5 - Coggle Diagram
Respiratory System 09 Jackie HernandezP.5
Disorders
Tuberculosis
causes
traveling
contagious
drug abuse
symptoms
chest pains
night sweats
weightloss
description
bacterial infection in the respiratory system caused by myocobacterium turbuculosis
Treatments
surgery
medicaton
antibiotics
Seasonal Flu
causes
occupation
droplets
age
symptoms
fatigue
dry cough
chills
Description
A viral infection
Treatments
rest+ hydration
anti viral medication
early vaccination
COPD
symptoms
chronic cough
wheezing
tight chest
causes
age
air pollution
genetics
Description
chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder
Treatment
medications
antibiotics
lung reduction
Pneumonia
causes
bacterial infection
viral infection
aspiration
symptoms
chills
shortness of breath
fever
Description
bacterial or viral infection of the lungs
treatment
over the counter medication
oxygen therapy
antibiotics
Lung Cancer
Causes
second-hand smoking
genetics
smoking
Symptoms
weightloss
fatigue
Chest pains
Description
uncontrolled cell growth +development of tumors in the lungs
Treatment
chemotherapy
surgical removal
radiation
Upper Respiratory
Sinuses
Structure: hollow space in certain skull bones
Function: reduce weight of skull + serve as resonant chambers
Pharynx
Structure: chamber behind nasal cavity, oral cavity + larynx
Function: passage way for moving air from nasal cavity to larynx
Nasal cavity
Structure: hollow space behind nose
Function: conducts air to pharynx
Nose
Structure: found superior to the mouth
Function: entrance/exit for air; internal hair used as filter
Volume + Pressure relationships in the Thoracic cavity
Diaphragm + external intercostal muscles relax + lungs recoil= decreased volume of thoracic cavity
decreased air pressure=increased volume
Layers Of Pleura
Visceral Pleura: inner layer
Parietal Pleura: outerlayer
Pleura: double layered serous membrane
Serous Fluid: lubricates the pleura cavity
volumes + Capacities
Volumes
Expiratory Reserve(E.R.V): Volume of air that can be exhaled during a maximum expiration beyond T.V.(1200mL)
Residual(R.V.): Volume of air that remains in lungs after a maximum expiration(1200mL)(no spirometer)
Inspiratory Reserve(I.R.V): Volume of air that's inhaled in addition to T.D. during forced inspiration (3000 mL)
Tidal(T.V.): Volume of air that enters/leaves lungs during one respiratory cycle(500mL)
Capacities
Total Lungs(T.L.C): Total volume of air lungs can hold (VC+RV) (5800 mL) (depends on age, gender and body size)
Inspiratory(L.C): Volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal resting expiration (IRV+TV)(3500 mL)
Anatomic Dead Space: Volume of air remaining in bronchial tree that's not involved in gas exchange
Vital(V.C): Max Volume of air that can be exhaled after a max inspiration (TV+IRV+ERV) (4600 mL)
Functional Residual(F.R.C.): Volume of air that remains in lungs after a resting expiration(ERV+RV)(3500 mL)
Major Functions
Oxygenates body + removes carbon dioxide
Contains tubes that help filter, warm + moisten incoming oxygen + transports into gas exchange areas
Respiration: Process of gas exchange between atmosphere + cells
Other: regulates temp., provides vocal sounds, regulated blood pH + helps in sense of smell
Lower respiratory
Trachea
Function: Pass way for air + contains a lining of mucus
Structure: Flexible tub in between trachea and bronchial tree
Bronchial tree
Function: Branched tubes that lead from trachea to alveoli
structure: conducts air from trachea to alveoli
Larynx
Function: Pass way for moving air + stops foreign objects from reaching the trachea: houses the vocal cords
Structure: Enlargement at the top of the lungs
Lungs
Function: contain air passageways (alveoli, blood vessels, connective tissue, lymphatic vessels, +nerves)
Structure: Soft cone shaped organs
Inspiration + Expiration
Inspiration
inhalation
pressure in lungs decrease
muscles expand thoracic cavity
diaphragm contracts + moves downward
Expiration
increased surface tension in alveoli decreases volume
Internal vs. external respiration
External
Conttract to move ribs
sternum move upward + outward
muscles relax + lungs recoil... decrease volume of thoracic cavity
Internal
Atmospheric pressure: exerted by air on all objects in contact with it
muscle + abdominal wall muscle compresses rib cage + abdominal walls