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Respiratory system: Karen B. Ramos period 2 - Coggle Diagram
Respiratory system: Karen B. Ramos period 2
Major functions of the respiratory system:
oxygen required by cells to break down nutrients to release energy & produce ATP
Respiration: process gas exchange between atomsphere and cells
Internal respiration: gas exchange between the blood and body cells
Cellular respiration : oxygen use by cells and production of carbon dioxide
Gas transport: blood between blood and body cells
External respiration: gas exchange between lungs and blood
Ventilation or breathing:movement of air in and out of the lungs
Mucous membranes: bronchial tree filter, warm, and humidity incoming air.
Internal vs. external respiration:
Insipration:
Air moves from higher to lower pressure
Compare and contrast the mechanism of inspiration and expiration:
Lower respiratory structures and functions:
Trachea:
Cylindrical tube that extends downward anterior to the esophagus and into the thoracic cavity
Spilts into right and left primary bronchi
Windpipe
Bronchial tree:
consists of branched mucous membrane-lined tubular airways, leading from the trachea to microscopic air sacs of lungs called alveoli
Tertiary bronchi:
branches of the lobar bronchi: each enters a segment of a lung
Secondary bronchi:
branches of main bronchi; each enters a lobe of a lung
Primary bronchi:
first branches of bronchial tree; branch directly off the trachea that leads to a lung
Lungs:
Occupy most of thoracic cage
Primary bronchus and large blood vessels enter each lung on the medial surface
Soft, spongy, cone-shaped organs of respiratory system
Larynx:
Transports air in & out of trachea
An enlargement in air way superior to trachea & inferior to laryngopharnx
House of vocal cords
upper respiratory structures and functions
Nose:
Supported by bone & cartilage
Nostrils contain coarse hairs, that prevent entry of particles
Nostrils provide opening for entrance and exit for air
Pharynx:
Common passage way for air way and food from nasal & oral cavities
Aid producing sounds for spleen
Space behind oral & nasal cavities & larynx
Sinuses:
Sinuses open into nasal cavity.
Serve as resonant chambers for voice
Air filled spaces in maxillary, frontal, ethmoia & sphenoid bones
Nasal cavity:
Nasal conchae are scroll shaped bones that allow the nasal cavity into passage ways
Particles trapped in mucus are carried to pharynx by action of cilla swallowed and carried to stomach, where gastric juice destroys microorganisms is mucus.
Hollow space of posterior of nose
Respiratory volumes and capacities:
Disorders of respiratory system:
Layers of pleurae:
Volume and pressure relationships in thoracic cavity: