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Respiratory System, Joseph Garibaldi P.2 - Coggle Diagram
Respiratory System, Joseph Garibaldi P.2
Major Functions of the Respiratory System
Obtains O2 from the atmosphere, and removes CO2 from the body cells
Has tubes that filter, warm, and moisturize incoming air
Transport it into the gas exchange areas, and microscopic air sacs that exchange gases
Removes particles from incoming air, regulates temperature, and water content of the air
Provides vocal sounds, regulates blood pH, and helps in sense of smell
Upper Respiratory Structures and functions
Nose, Naval Cavity, Sinuses, and Pharynx
Nose Structure and Function:
Nostrils provide openings for entrance and exit of air, supported by bone and cartilage, and nostrils can contain coarse hairs which prevent entry of particles
Nasal Cavity Structure:
Hollow and posterior to nose, divided medially by nasal septum, consisting of bone and cartilage, Nasal conchae are scroll-shaped bones that divide the nasal cavity into passageways
Nasal Cavity Function:
Conchae support mucous membranes, and increase surface area to warm, moisturize, and filter incoming air
Continued: Particles trapped in the mucous are carried to the pharynx by action of cillia, swallowed, and carried to the stomach, where gastric juice destroys microorganisms in the mucous
Paranasal Sinuses Structure:
Air-filled spaces in the maxillary, frontal, ethmoid, and sphenoid bones, Sinus open into the nasal cavity, Lined with mucous membrane that is continuous with that lining the nasal cavity
Paranasal Sinuses Function:
Reduce the weight of the skull, Serve as a resonant chambers for the voice
Pharynx Structure and Function:
Space behind oral and nasal cavities and larynx, Common passageway for air and food from nasal and oral cavities, Aids in producing sounds for speech
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Lower Respiratory Structures and Functions
Larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, and lungs
Larynx Structure:
An enlargement in the airway superior to the trachea and inferior to the laryngopharynx, Houses the vocal cords, Composed of a framework of muscles and cartilage bound by elastic tissue
Continued: Larger cartilages of the larynx= thyroid cartilage (Adam's apple)
Continued: Inside the larynx are 2 pairs of vocal folds, consisting of muscle and connective tissue, and covered with mucous membrane, extended from the walls
Continued: The Glottis are true vocal cords and opening between them
Larynx Function:
Transports air in and out of trachea, Helps keeps particles from entering the trachea, During breathing, vocal cords relax and glottis is open.
Continued: Air forced through the glottis vibrates vocal cords to produce sound. Changing tension on the vocal cords controls pitch of sound.
Continued: Loudness of sound depends on the force of air moving through the vocal cords. Pharynx, oral cavity, tongue, and lips transform the words into sound.
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