Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Africa - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Botha believed that South West Africa served as an effective barrier between communism and South Africa. In comparison to apartheid's strict and racist architecture, which ensured black subjugation, South Africa would be the next natural location for communism to invade if South West Africa fell. Indeed, many black South Africans sympathized with communism, which promised wealth for everyone.
        
        Mohammed, A. R. (2021, October 11). The South African Border War (1966–1989) and its Callwellian influence. Small Wars Journal. Retrieved March 4, 2022, from https://smallwarsjournal.com/jrnl/art/south-african-border-war-1966-1989-and-its-callwellian-influence
    - - With each escalation by the SADF, the Cubans and Soviets redoubled their efforts to preserve SWAPO and MPLA territory. Despite the fact that South African soldiers caused many more losses than they sustained, domestic support for the battle crumbled with no end in sight. As American support dwindled, so did efforts by Soviet and American experts to achieve a cease-fire deal.
        
        Source: Atomic Heritage Foundation. (2018, July 24). Proxy Wars During the Cold War: Africa. Retrieved March 4, 2022, from https://www.atomicheritage.org/history/proxy-wars-during-cold-war-africa
    - - The United States, view South Africa as the last bastion of capitalist friendly government in southern Africa. The United States was only able to offer limited help to South Africa, as full-fledged sponsorship for the racist regime would have been unpopular among democratic societies around the world
        
        van der Waag, I., & Grundlingh, A. (Eds.). (2019). Contributors. In In Different Times: The War for Southern Africa 1966-1989 (1st ed., pp. 350–352). African Sun Media. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv1nzg2c9.20
- - - - After Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser (1918-70) nationalized the canal, a valuable conduit that controlled two-thirds of the oil consumed in Europe, the Suez Crisis began on October 29, 1956, when Israeli armed forces moved into Egypt toward the Suez Canal.
        
        History.com Editors. (2021, April 27). Suez Crisis. HISTORY. Retrieved March 4, 2022, from https://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/suez-crisis
    - - The Israelis were quickly joined by French and British forces, almost drawing the Soviet Union into the battle and risking their relations with the US. Egypt was victorious in the end, and the British, French, and Israeli governments withdrew their forces.
        
        History.com Editors. (2021, April 27). Suez Crisis. HISTORY. Retrieved March 4, 2022, from https://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/suez-crisis
    - - Israeli units invaded Egypt and pushed toward the canal, routing Egyptian soldiers. Following their strategy, Britain and France requested that Israeli and Egyptian forces leave the canal, and they indicated that they would intervene to impose a UN-ordered cease-fire.
        
        Suez Crisis | Definition, Summary, Location, History, Dates, Significance, & Facts. (2022). Retrieved 4 March 2022, from https://www.britannica.com/event/Suez-Crisis
    - - First, they warned the Soviets that reckless talk of nuclear conflict would only make matters worse, and cautioned Khrushchev to refrain from direct intervention in the conflict. Then the United States threatened all three nations (Israel, France, and England) with economic sanctions if they persisted in their attack, the threats did in fact work. By December, the British and French forces withdrew; Israel finally bowed to U.S. pressure in March 1957, relinquishing control over the canal to Egypt.
        
        History.com Editors. (2021, April 27). Suez Crisis. HISTORY. Retrieved March 4, 2022, from https://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/suez-crisis
- - - - Cuito Cuanavale, Angola 25th Anniversary of a Historic African Battle by Ronnie Kasrils (Monthly Review), Africa, Angola
    - - Taylor, A. (2021, December 1). A 27-year civil war, for no reason at all. The Washington Post. Retrieved March 4, 2022, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2015/10/14/a-27-year-civil-war-for-no-reason-at-all/
    - - United States Department of State. (n.d.). The Angola Crisis 1974–75. Office of the Historian, Foreign Service Institute. Retrieved March 4, 2022, from https://history.state.gov/milestones/1969-1976/angola