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ROMANTIC AGE 1770- 1848 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - George IV 1820 - 1830
        
        William IV 1830-1837
        
        George IV's brother
        
        FIRST REFORM BILL 1832
        
        it extended the right to vote
        
        marks the beginning of Victorian Age
        
        Prince Regent from 1811 to 1820 when George III had become senile
  - - - Napoleonic wars
        
        Battle of Trafalgar 1805 - Horatio Nelson defeated Napoleon
        
        Napoleon finally defeated at Waterloo 1815 by Duke of Wellington
- - - - thanks to Industrial revolution and machines, farming became more modernised and technologised
        
        spread of enclosures
      - SOCIAL REVOLUTIONS AND REFORMS
        
        shift of population from countryside to the town
        
        new class: WORKING CLASS
        
        terrible working conditions led to
        
        TRADE CLUBS AND ASSOCIATIONS to ask for better working conditions and higher wages (but government declared them illegal with the Combinaton Acts)
        
        LUDDISM
        
        revolt that took the name from Ned Ludd, the leader, as a response to unemployment caused by the massive introduction of machinery
        
        workers started destroying machines
        
        revolt against Corn Laws that excluded all foreign wheat in order to raise the price of domestic wheat. This starved the workers
        
        Peterloo Massacre 1819
        
        troops charged 60 000 people who had gathered to ask for electoral reform
        
        birht of First Trade Union 1824
    - - population growth
      - new technological inventions
      - creation of factory industries (coal , iron)
      - transport revolution
- - - - Romanticism developed in drama and literary criticism. Influenced by Jean Jacques Rousseau: idea that man is good by nature, virtues of rural life and humble people, nature as giving-force
    - - American and French Revolutions influenced an intellectual debate between
        
        EDMUND BURKE
        
        member of Whig party, served in the House of Commons. Supported independence of American colonies but attacked French Revolution
        
        THOMAS PAINE
        
        Anglo-American radical, he supported American Revolution and defended French Revolution. He also attacks Christian CHurch for attempting to gain political power
        
        WILLIAM GODWIN babbo di Mary Shelley
        
        social philosopher, political journalist, religious dissenter. He was in favour of atheism, anarchy and personal freedom. Focused more on philosophical principles. He was against Edmund Burke's ideas (about French Revolution)
        
        MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT mamma di Mary Shelley, morta dandola alla luce e moglie di Godwin
        
        writer and protofeminist. Sympathizer of the French Revolution. A Vindication of the rights of men in response to Burke's pamphlet. Attacked aristocracy and defended republicanism. Passionate advocate of social equality for women
    - - preparatory stage Sturm un Drang, movement of the 1770s philosophical. Goethe, Schlegel, von Schiller
  - - - new conception of literature wich must reflect all that is spontaneous
        
        emphasis on the individual's identity, emotions and experience
        
        exaltation of nature main subject. Through communion with nature Romantics can achieve a sort of unity of being. Correspondence between landscapes and men's feelings. Preference for the sublime aspects of nature mountains, glaciers, rough seas, earthquakes...
        
        rejection of materialistic and mechanicist philosophies
        
        celebration of childhood
        
        creative power of imagination
        
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