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Respiratory System Vanessa Reyes P.2 - Coggle Diagram
Respiratory System Vanessa Reyes P.2
Major Function of the Respiratory System
Obtains oxygen form atmosphere and removes carbon dioxide from body cells
removes particles from incoming air
regulates temp. and water content of the air
Consist of Ventilation, External respiration, Gas transport, Internal respiration, Cellular respiration and Mucous membranes
Internal vs. external respiration
Internal Respiration-
GAs exchange between blood and body cells
External Respiratory-
GAs exchange between lungs and blood
Compare and contrast the mechanism of inspiration and expiration
Inspiration:
Draws air into lungs, inhalation, an active process, diaphragm moves down and becomes flat, rib cage moves forward and outward and size of chest cavity increases
Expiration:
Releases air from the lungs, exhalation, a passive process, diaphragm moves up and becomes a dome shape, rib cage moves downward and inward and chest cavity decreases
Lower Respiratory Structure and Function
Larynx-
Enlargement at top of trachea. Passageway for air. prevents foreign objects from entering the trachea.
House Vocal Cords
Trachea-
Flexible tube that connects trachea with bronchial tree. Passageway for air, mucus lining filters particles from incoming air
Bronchial Tree-
Branched tubes that lead from trachea to alveoli. Conducts air from the trachea to alveoli and mucus lining continues filtering incoming air.
lungs-
Soft cone shaped organ occupy a large portion of thoracic cavity. Contains air passage alveoli, blood vessels, connective tissues, lymphatic vessels, and nerves
Disorders of the respiratory system
Seasonal Flu:
Can cause dry cough, Fatigue and congestion
Pneumonia:
causes shortness of breathe, fever and chills
Lung Cancer:
causes chest pains, weight loss and shortness of breathe
Tuberculosis:
causes cough with thickened mucus, fever and fatigue, and shortness of breathe
Chronic Obstructive pulmonary Disorder:
Causes chronic cough, wheezing and tight in chest area
Upper Respiratory Structures and Function
Nose-
Part of your face that is located above your mouth and centered right underneath the center of your eyes. Nostrils provide entrance to the nasal cavity Internal hair filter incoming air
Nasal Cavity-
Hallow space behind the nose. Conducts air to the Pharynx mucus lining warms and moisturizes incoming air.
Sinuses-
Hallow spaces in certain skull bones. Reduce weight of skull severe as resonant chambers.
Pharynx-
Chambers behind nasal cavity,Oral cavity and larynx. Passage for air moving from nasal cavity to larynx also for food moving from oral cavity to esophagus
Respiratory volumes and capacities
Tidal Volume(TD):
500mL
Inspiratory Reserve Volume(IRV):
3,00mL
Expiratory Reserve Volume(ERV):
1,100mL
Residual Volume(RV):
1,200mL
Vital Capacity(VC):
4,600mL
Inspiratory Capacity(IC):
3,500
Functional Residual Capacity(FRC):
2,300mL
Total Lung Capacity(TLC):
5,800
Layers of the Pleurae
The Pleura is a double layered serous membrane that consist of the visceral pleura, parietal pleura and serous fluid.
Visceral Pleura :
Inner layer attached to surface of each lung
Parietal Pleura:
Outer layer and lines thoracic cavity
Serous Fluid:
Lubricates pleural cavity between 2 layers
Volume and Pressure relationships in thoracic cavity
Atmospheric Pressure:
760mm Hg
Alveolar
-1/+1cm, H2O
Intrapulmonary Pressure:
Pressure in alveoli rises and falls during respiration; equalizes with atmospheric pressure
Intrapleural Pressure:
pressure in pleura cavity falls and rises during respiration always 4mm Hg less than intrapulmonary pressure