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MECHANISMS :wrench: - Coggle Diagram
MECHANISMS :wrench:
Rotary motion mechanisms :gear:
Pulleys with belt
Friction drives
Gear mechanisms and cogwheels
Gear mechanisms with a chain
Gear train
Worm gear
Pulley trains with belts
Variation in velocity
Compound pulley
F=R/2·n
F=R/2n
Mechanisms that transforms motion
From rotary into linear
Rack and pinion system
Thios uses a pinion that is a small cogwheel,mounted on a rack that is a toothed belt or bar
L= P· Z· N
Nut and bolt system
This consists of a bolt or threaded bar and a nut that has the same interior diameter as the diameter of the bolt
Winch and crank handle
A winch and crank handle system consists of a drum that rotates and a crank handle that allows to pull or lift objects
From rotary into reciprocating motion
Crank-link-slider
This is composed of a crank and a rod called a connecting rod or link
Crankshaft
This is a set of connecting rods attached to a joined axle. Each of the joints of the axle acts as a crank
Cam
Is a rotating object that pushes a follower as it moves
It transforms rotary motion into reciprocating motion in the follower or bar
A set of cams fixed on the same axle is called a camshaft
Eccentric cam
This consists of a wheel with an off centre rotation axle that doesnt coincide with the centre of its circunference
It transforms the rotary motion of the wheel into reciprocating motion in the follower
Are devices that transmit and convert forces and motion from a driving force or input element to an output element
Classification of mechanisms
Transforming motion
Rotary to linear
Rotary to reciprocating
Joining elements
Transmitting motion
Linear
Rotary
Controlling and regulating motion
Storing energy
Linear motion
Levers
Rigid bar supporting by a fulcrum
F·d=R·r
Fixed pulleys
F=R
Movable pulley
F=R/2
Other mechanisms
For controlling and directing motion
The most typicall type is the ratchet, which allows rotation in one direction but impedes it in the opposite direction.
The mechanisms used to reduce velocity :brakes
Disk brakes
Consist of pads and a disc attached to the object that we want to slow down
Brand brakes
Consists on a metal band that puts pressure on a drum attached ro the axle of the object we want to slow down
Drum brakes
Include one or two brake shoes that come into contact with the drum
Mechanisms that store energy
Springs are devices that absorb energy. This energy can be released later, little by litte or all at once
They work in different ways
By compression, traction and torsion
Connecting mechanisms
Clutches
Are mechanisms that allow axles or shafts to be connected or separated
Both types of clutch canh be used in engines and machines with different gears that are used to change velocity or transmit the power supplied by the engine or motor.
Fixed connections
Used to make permanent connections between axles and shafts
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