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Ecology of Teaching, Teacher Characteristics and Student Learning:…
Ecology of Teaching
Teacher Characteristics and Student Learning: Leadership Style
Know your students and respond accordingly
Communicate verbally
Relate to students positively
Be a Role Model
Be democratic
Be a collaborator
Be a mentor
Student Characteristics and Teacher Interaction: Risk and Resilience
Risk
Resilience
Poor children at risk
learned helplessness
Families, Substance Abuse, and Children
Prenatal Substance Exposure
Family Alcohol Abuse
alcoholism
families, violence, and children
anger
fear/ terror
powerlessness
loneliness
confusion
shame
guilt
distrust
Student Characteristics and Teacher Interaction: Ethnicity
Equitable treatment of all groups
Some generalized values of the macroculture
Emphasis on active mastery
Valuation of the work ethic
Achieved status
Stress on assertiveness
Valuation of fairness
More interest in the external world of things and events
Emphasis on change, flow, movement
Belief in rationalism
Emphasis on peer relationships
Focus on individual personality
Objective, impersonal relationships to others
Principles of right and wrong
Some generalized values of the microculture
Orientation toward the extended family
Fostering of sharing and group ownership
Humility
Learning occurs by observation and being patient
Respect and compliance is shown by no eye contact
Ascribed status
Present-time orientation
Effects of Individualistics and collectivistic orientation on socialization
Enabling equity: Understanding socialization contrasts between home and classroom
objects/ people
possessions
Achievements
Social roles
Student Characteristics and Teacher Interaction: Socioeconomic Status
Income
lower income= lower scores
Education
high school and some college= higher scores
Family structure
Neighborhood
The consequences of classism
Classism definition
Student Characteristics and Teacher Interaction: Disability
Individualized instruction
Adaptation of the curriculum to various learning styles
Collaboration with various professionals
Peer training
Families of Children with Disabilities and Available Public Service
Anecdotal records
Checklists and rating scales
Time samples
measures of behavior
Student Characteristics and Teacher Interaction: Gender
Teacher generally respond to boys with instructions and to girls with nurture.
Girls receive more attention when they are close to the teacher... boys are given attention from a distance
Income and race gaps are larger than gender gaps as documented
Student Characteristics and Teacher Interaction: Learning Styles
The relationship between learning style and socialization
orientation toward persons/ objects
Field dependence/ independence
Adapting Teaching Style to Diverse Learning Styles
Logical- mathematical
linguistic
body kinesthetics
musical
Spatial
Interpersonal
Intrapersonal
naturalist
Student Learning Styles and Technology in the Classroom
flipped classroom
The Teacher's Role as a Socializing Agent
best teachers make students want to learn and reinforce their efforts
Albert Bandura-- models whom children imitate are perceived as being warm and as having prestige, control over resources, and the potential to reinforce or punish behavior.
Teacher Characteristics and Student learning: Management style
The differences between successful and unsuccessful classroom managers lay in the planning and preparation of instruction, so that inattention and boredom were prevented.
Well-managed classrooms appear to run by themselves, with the teacher spending most of the time teaching rather than dealing with behavior problems.
Teacher Characteristics and Student Learning: Expectations
Teachers usually receive data about students at the beginning of the school year which influence their expectations of students for achievement and behavior.
Because of this, teachers treat students differently... which then students react to the teacher differently
Students' past records of achievement and behavior, teachers' expectations can be influenced by certain student characteristics.
SES
Cultural background
gender
personality
physical attractiveness
speech characteristics
handwriting
Macrosystem influences: philosophies of teaching and learning
Classroom, contexts, and socialization outcomes
Classroom goal structures
cooperative
competitive
individualized
Macrosystem influences: legislation (The No Child Left Behind Act)
accountability
School Readiness and Developmentally Appropriate Assessment
authentic assessment
standardized tests
Mesosystem influences on teaching