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Aleena Alfaro Period 1 Respiratory system - Coggle Diagram
Aleena Alfaro Period 1
Respiratory system
Major functions of the respiratory system
supply body with oxygen for cellular respiration & dispose of carbon dioxide
voice production, air passageways, sites of gas exchange, moisten air, lighten skull.
movement of air into and out of lungs
Upper respiratory structures and functions
Nose and nasal cavity, Paranasal sinuses, Pharynx
Lower respiratory structures and functions
Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi and branches, Lungs and alveoli, Diaphragm
Layers of the pleurae
Pleural fluid
provides lubrication helps the lungs recoil and expand.
Visceral pleura
layer that covers the lungs externally
Parietal pleura
A layer that covers the lungs and the heart
Pleurae
membrane that divides thoracic cavity
Compare and contrast the mechanism of inspiration and expiration
compare
sequence of events involves the same amount of steps, both processes involve the rib cage.
thoracic cavity volume is involved.
contrast
intercostals contract and relax during inspiration/ expiration.
lungs are stretched/ recoil
Volume and Pressure relationships in thoracic cavity
Atmospheric pressure (Patm)
air surrounding the body
Intrapulmonary pressure (Ppul)
pressure in alveoli
Transpulmonary pressure = (Ppul − Pip)
pressure that keeps lung spaces open
Intrapleural pressure (Pip)
pressure in pleural cavity
Respiratory volumes and capacities
Inspiratory capacity: sum of TV + IRV
Functional residual capacity: sum of RV + ERV
Vital capacity : sum of TV + IRV + ERV
Total lung capacity : sum of all lung volumes TV + IRV+ ERV + RV
Internal vs. external respiration
:
diffusion of gases between blood and lungs
diffusion of gases between blood and tissues
Disorders of the respiratory system
Atelectasis
lung collapse
Pneumothorax
lung collapse due to air in the pleural cavity
Laryngitis
inflammation of vocal folds, result in voice loss
Pleurisy
inflammation of pleurae, result of pneumonia