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Types of Hormonal and Metabolic Dysfunction - Coggle Diagram
Types of Hormonal and Metabolic Dysfunction
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Excess: SIADH
Clinical manifestation: hyponatremia, fluid overload (edema)
Diagnosis: Urinalysis, serum levels of ADH, water deprivation test
Treatment: Tolvaptan
Deficiency: Central Diabetes Insipidus
Clinical manifestation: hypernatremia, increased diuresis, polydipsia
Diagnosis: Urinalysis, serum levels of ADH, water deprivation test
Treatment: ADH analog
Glucocorticoids
Excess: Cushing syndrome
Treatment: Spironolactone, Ketoconazole
Clinical manifestation: hypertension, hyperglycemia
Diagnosis: Serum cortisol levels, cortisol levels at night
Deficiency: Primary adrenal insufficiency
Diagnosis: serum cortisol levels, cortisol levels at night
Treatment: Corticosteroid to replenish
Clinical manifestation: skin hyperpigmentation, hypoglycemia
Growth Hormone
Excess: Gigantism
Treatment: growth hormone receptor blockers
Clinical manifestation: large jaw, protruding face (i.e., large mandible)
Diagnosis: serum growth hormone levels
Deficiency: Dwarfism
Diagnosis: serum growth hormone levels
Treatment: Growth hormone analogs
Clinical manifestation: short stature
Mineralocorticoids
Excess: Primary hyperaldosteronism
Treatment: Spirinolactone
Clinical manifestation: Hypertension, hypokalemia
Diagnosis: Urinalysis, serum aldosterone levels
Deficiency: Addisons disease
Diagnosis: serum aldosterone levels
Treatment: low physiologic glucocorticoids and aldosterone analog
Clinical manifestation: hypotension, hyperkalemia
Parathyroid Hormone
Excess: Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Diagnosis: calcium and phosphate serum levels, PTH levels
Clinical manifestation: kidney stones, hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia
Treatment: Cincalet
Deficiency: Primary hypoparathyroidism
Diagnosis: calcium levels, phosphate levels
clinical manifestation: bone pain, osteomalacia
Treatment: Vitamin D and calcium supplement