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What is intelligence? - Coggle Diagram
What is intelligence?
Learning Style: consistent preference over time and subject matter for perceiving, thinking about, and organizing information in a particular way
Visual (spatial)- prefer using pictures, images, and spatial understanding
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Verbal (linguistic)- prefer using words, both in speech and writing
Physical (kinesthetic)- prefer using body, hands and sense of touch
Logical (mathematical)- prefer to use logic, reasoning and systems
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Relativity- spend more time collecting information and analyze information relevance to solution before giving a response
Impulsivity: fast conceptual temp, responds quickly when no ready solution immediately available, collects less information
Field Dependence
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Social Situations- spend more time looking directly at the faces of others, more aware of values/behaviors, prefer to be in the company of other people
Field Independence
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Reading- analyze any structure of a story; usually can perform well no matter how poorly a story is structured
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Controversies: Learners definitely have preferences for how they learn, but when put to the test, these preferences make very small difference in whether or not a student actually learned :!!:
IQ (intelligence quotient) is your mental age; may NOT provide an accurate picture of a students learning potential :!:
Began by Alfred Binet
Accurate and objective way of distinguishing between children who could profit from normal classroom instruction and those who required special education
He did not want the test to be only a summary score to provide an excuse to ignore or get rid of uninterested or troublesome students
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Tested memory, attention, comprehension, discrimination and reasonings
Positives: tests are usually just related to classroom achievement better than other achievement, NOT a once and for all score due to cognitive abilities being able to improve
Negatives: It's an interpretation, they do not measure things that also influence performance (ex: motivation)
Aspects of Gender
Males outscored females on: Visual-Spatial, mathematical, college entrance
Females outscore males on: memory, language use
4th, 5th, 6th grade- females receive higher grades in language arts, social studies, science and math on average, but they are perceived as lower
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Psychometric perspective: the use of broad mental abilities to successfully respond to various types of test items such as performance or age
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Believed that people needed to use various capabilities to successfully adapt to life's everyday demands
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Gardner's Multi-Trait View: Linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalist
Misconceptions: Ability is destiny, subjects should be taught 8 different ways to develop all intelligences, a strength in a topic means all tasks in that topic will be excelled at
Nature VS Nurture
Both nature and nurture are important. Nature is your genes and determines WHAT you are, but nurture comes from your environment which impacts WHO you are
Wechsler's Global Capacity view says that the global capacity of the individual to act purposefully, think rationally, and deal effectively with the environment
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Raymond Nickerson believed in the ability to learn, to reason well, to solve problems and to deal