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Formation of the Nazi Party - Coggle Diagram
Formation of the Nazi Party
Hitler's Early Years
Austrian :check: German :red_cross:
Moved to Germany when he was 3 + always regarded himself as German
Wanted to become an artist-> Failed the entrance exam
Immediately signed up for the German army when WW1 broke out-> wounded x2 + won the Iron Cross <- rare honour for a mere Lance-Corporal
Very bitter @ the German surrender
Nazi Party Early Years
Orginally the German Worker's Party (DAP) <- Set up by Anton Drexler 19th January 1919
Was only 1 of many small extreme right parties operating in Germany @ the time
July 1921= Hitler became chairman of the party
Used the SA as his own personal army to stir up trouble + violence
Used his oratorical skills to spread his message + gain support
Started a Party newspaper to spread the NSDAP message
Hitler's Main Ideas
Anti- Semitism + Racial Supremacy
-> Believed in Aryan racial supremacy over all other races in the world + the Jewish race was the root of all evil <- Communism= 'Jewish ideology'
Lebensraum + Destruction of the Treaty of Versailles
-> Believed that it was the destiny of the Aryan people to expand east of Germany + gain 'living space' (Lebensraum) <- Thought that this was the best way to destroy the Treaty of Versailles
3
. Anti-democracy-
> Hated Weimar democracy + thought its leaders were responsible for Germany's humiliation
4
. Fuhrerprinzip
(The Leadership Principle) -> Believed that the Nazi Party + Germany, as a whole needed 1 strong leaders, like before the war <- needed a Fuhrer
Munich Putsch
Bavaria had a reputation for political extremism <- especially after the creation of the Weimar Republic
1921- von Kahr was head of a right-wing govern. which actively encouraged separatism from Berlin
Hitler + Nazis based in Bavaria :red_cross: agree with Kahr + his policy of seperatism
Hitler influence by Mussolini's 'March on Rome' -> Ridiculed by Kahr + his ministers <- wanrted toout-manoeuvre them
Hyperinflation crisis led came to a head in November 1923-> prompted Hiter to act
8th November= Kahr due to address the Burgerbraukeller in a beer hall in Munich <- attended by Lossow (army commander in Bavaria), Seisser (head of Bavarian state police) + otherprominent + important political figures
Hitler had placed Nazsi with smuggled weapons strategically around the room + he arrived with a lorry full of supporters + sealed off the building
Hitler spoke to the audience -> 'national revolution has started' <- Kahr + 2 other ministers were ushered into a side room
H tried to get the ministers to join the Putsch -> 'fight or die' <- Kahr refused + argued with Hitler
H returned to the hall + falsely announced that the ministers had joined -> returned to Kahr lying that the people had joined him <- 3 ministers gave in
Ludendorff arrived in full field marchall uniform demanding to know why Hitler :red_cross: kept him informed of developments
Morning= 3 ministers released + Kahr immediately broke his promises + used the local radio station to disassociate himself with the Nazis
Hitler pressed on with his plan + 3,000 Nazis led by Goring + Ludendorff, marched on Munich <- stopped by state police + Hilter captured 2 days later
After Math of the Munich Putsch
Many of those who took part would later hold high office in Nazi administration -> Frick, Himmler + Rohm
Hilter, Frick, Rohm + Ludendorff + 4 others were brought to trialon charges of conspiracy to commit treason
Trial= 24th February 1924 -> lasted 24 days
H accused Ebert + Scheidemann of being the real traitors
Judge= sympathetic -> :red_cross: intervene when those in court applauded H
3 judges had a hard time persuading the 3 lay members of the court to pass a guilty verdict
Propaganda success -> Press in attendance gave H the media platform + coverage he needed to spread the Nazi message