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CHAPTER 2 THE VOWELS - Coggle Diagram
CHAPTER 2 THE VOWELS
Classify vowels according to the four criteria: shape of mouth, tongue position, and highest part of the tongue, and length of sounds
Shape of mouth
When you produce such sounds as /u/, /u:/, /ͻ:/, /o/, /a:/, your lips are pushed forward into the shape of a circle, then the shape of your lips is rounded
-->rounded sounds.
The corners of your lips are moved away from each other, and the shape of your mouth is spread when you say the sounds like /i:/, /I/, /e/, /æ/-->spread sounds
The third category is unrounded sounds in the production of which the lips are neutral (neither rounded nor spread). These sounds are /Ə/, /ɜ:/ and /Ʌ/.
Tongue position
High vowels (mouth closed): I, i:, u, u: are produced with the mouth closed. The tongue is positioned as close as possible to the roof of the mouth because the mouth is closed
Low vowels (mouth open wide): æ, Ʌ, a:, o - are the ones during the production of which the tongue is positioned as far as possible from the roof of the mouth.
Middle vowels (mouth half open): e, Ə, ɜ:, ͻ:is that the tongue is positioned midway between a
low vowel and a high vowel.
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Length of sounds
Short vowels (7): I, e, æ, ə, ʌ, u, o
Long vowels (5): i:, ɜ:, u:, ͻ:, a:
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Describe vowels and distinguish pairs of vowels which are often confusing for Vietnamese learners of English
Vowels are speech sounds in the production of which there is no obstruction to the flow of air as it passes from the larynx to the lips
Vowels are sounds in which there is a continual vibration of the vocal cords, and the airstream is allowed to escape from the mouth in an unobstructed manner, without any interruption.
In the production of vowel sounds there is no contact of the articulators as there is in the case of consonants
Vowels take on their peculiar characteristics mainly through changes in the shape and size of the oral cavity
In English, different vowels are made as a result of varying the height of the body of the tongue (high, mid, low); the frontness or backness of the tongue (front, central, back); the degree of muscular tension (tense or lax); and the shape of lips (rounded or unrounded).
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