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Statistics - Coggle Diagram

- - - - the part of the culmilative frequency which is 27.
      - 20th and 21th values are included in 27 ( the red buble)
      - we can see that it is 7 or less
    - - the avarage values which is between
- - - - Any data larger than the upper boundary is an outlier.
    - - Any data smaller than the lower boundary is an outlier.
- - - - When we are dealing with a larger population.
- - - - the mean
        
        What is it?
        
        Basically the arithmetic average.
        
        How we show it?
      - the median
        
        What is it?
        
        The middle value of an ordered data set.
        
        How we can have an ordered data set?
        
        An ordered data set is obtained by listing the data from the smallest to the largest value.
        
        What does the median do?
        
        The median splits the data in halves.
        
        Half of the data values are less than or equal to the median,
        
        and half are greater than or equal to it.
        
        How do we find it?
        
        An Extra Info
        
        For an odd number of data values, the median is one of the original data values.
        
        For an even number of data values, the median is the average of the two middle values, and hence may not be in the original data set.
        
        For example
      - the mode
        
        What is the mode?
        
        The most frequently occurring value in the data set.
        
        This is for discrete data
        
        The Words
        
        discrete data = ayrık veri
        
        But we have an exaption
        
        For continuous data, we cannot talk about a mode in this way because no two data values will be exactly equal.
        
        In that case:
        
        Instead we talk about a modal class, which is the class or group that has the highest frequency.
        
        Still the highest frequency is important
        
        Extra Information
        
        If a data set has two values which both occur most frequently, we say it bimodal.
        
        If a data set has there or more values which all occur most frequently, the mode is not an appropriate measure of centre to use.
- - - - the variance
      - the interquartile range
      - the range
      - the standart deviation
  - - - What is this?
        
        the difference between the maximum data value and the minimum data value
      - How we do it?
        
        range = maximum - minimum
      - Where we use it?
        
        It is not that reliable
        
        Because it uses only two data values
        
        It can be influenced by extreme values or outliers
        
        It is useful for choosing a class interval
    - - Explonations
        
        We know that median divides the ordered data set in two halves.
        
        These halves are divided in half again by the quartiles.
        
        the middle values of the lower half is called the lower quartile (Q1)
        
        the middle value of the upper half is called the upper quartile (Q3)
        
        The interquartile range (IQR) is the range of the middle half of the data
        
        Extra
        
        The median is sometimes referred to as Q2 because it is the 2nd quartile
        
        The formula
        
        interquartile range = upper quartile - lower quartile
        
        IQR = Q3 -Q1
- - - - the rectangular box is the the middle half of the data set
      - the lower whisker represents the 25% of the data with smallest value
      - the upper whisker represents the 25% of the data with greatest value
- - - - We can easily compare descriptive statistics such as their median, range and interquartile range.