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Carbohydrates Structure and function - Coggle Diagram
Carbohydrates Structure and function
Monosaccharide
Hemiketal
Hydroxyl group (-OH) reacts intramolecularly with carbonyl group
Hemiacetal
Hydroxyl group (-OH) reacts intramolecularly with carbonyl group (-CHO)
Disastereoisomer
The chiral carbon connections in the molecule differ by more than one location
Epimer
connection at chiral carbon disputes 1 position
Oligosaccharide
Disaccharide
Cellobiose
Maltose
sucrose
lactose
Glycoproteins make cell memorize
monosaccharide 2-15 molecules Covalently link together with glycosidic bond
xylo-oligosaccharides are introduced Used as a sweetener (sweetener) of healthy food.
Polysaccharide
Heteropolysaccharides
Peptidoglycan
Glycoaminoglycan
Hyaluronic acid
Condroitin sulphate
Polymer of monosaccharide (100<1,000 molecules)
with glycosidic bonds
Homopolysaccharides
Chitin
Cellulose
Glycogen
Starch
Amylose
Amylopectin
Example
Function
Components of the nucleotides: ribose and deoxyribose
Metabolic intermediates: glucose-6-phosphate
Structural component: cell wall (cellulose,chitin and peptidoglycan) and cell membrane
Play roles in lubrication: glycoaminoglycan and proteoglycan
Storage energy: starch and glycogen
Cellular intercommunication: glycoprotein/glycolipid
Major fuel source :glucose
