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Structure & Function of Lipid, Jbkmkm - Coggle Diagram
Structure & Function of Lipid
Lipids
Function
Insulation,regulate heat
store energy
make up membrane
cell messenger
Hydrophobic is insoluble in water, soluble in ether, benzene.
Fatty acids subunits
Fatty Acids
saturated fatty acids
Solid at room temperature : found in animal oils
straight line:butyric acid,palmitic acid,stearic acid
single bond
Unsaturated fatty acids
Double bond
room temperature liquid
bent angle
There are 4 types of lengths
2.C 6-12 —> Medium Chain Fatty Acids : MCFA
C13-21 —> Long Chain Fatty Acids : LCFA
1.C<6 —> Short Chain Fatty Acids : SCFA
C21 up —> Very Long Chain Fatty Acids : VLCFA
Trpe
Essential fatty acid
The human body cannot synthesize unsaturated fatty acids
with double bonds beyond the 9th position carbon.
Must be obtained from food
2.Non Essential fatty acid
Fatty acids that the body can synthesize by the product of glucose oxidation
Contains C,H,O as an ingredient
Lipid classification
Complex lipid
2.Plasmalogem
Fatty acids +Aldehyde +glycerol Phosphate + Alcohol—>Ether
3.Glycolipids
sphigosine + fatty acid
1.Phospholipid
Lecithin
1.Phosphatidyl choline
2.Phosphatidylserine
3.Phosphatidylinositol
4.Phosphatidic acid
Phosphatidly glycerol
bran&nerve tissue —>myelin sheath
Cephalin
1.Phosphatidylethanolamine
2.Phosphatidylserine
3.Phosphatidylinositol
Phosphatidylinsitol 4,5: transports signals in the body
Glycerophospholipid/Phosphoglyceride
glycerol+2 fatty acid+phosphoric acid
Cardiolipin : large lipid membranes of mitochondria
Saponifiiable llipids
Alcohol ester
Sphingolipids
Glycerol ester
Precursor and Derived lipids
Eicosanoids
Thromboxanes (TX)
contraction of arteries and platelet aggregation
Leukotrienes (LT) and Lipoxins (LX)
Allergic reaction
Prostaglandins (PG)
Smooth muscle contraction and relaxation
Platelet aggregation
like hormone
Inflammatory response
Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
form arachidonic acid (poly unstturated) have FA have C 20 atom found in cell membrane
Steroids
has 4 ring has 17c
Ketone bodies
water-soluble molecules
provide energy to the cells of the body when glucose is low or absent in the diet.
produced by the liver during gluconeogenesis
Terpene derivatives
Tetraterpenes
ex Lycopene, β-Carotene, and Lutein
Isoprene or 2-methy-1,3-butadiene
Triterpenes
ex Squalene
Diterpenes
ex Ratinal
Sesquiterpenes
ex Farnesol
Monoterpenes
ex Geradioland Menthol
Simple lipids (fatty acid+alcohol)
1.Glycerol ester
There are 3
diglyceride
triglyceride—>fat&oi
monoglyceride
Glycerol+Fatty acid—>glyceride+H2O
Alcohol ester
waxes —>water proofing in plant
fatty acids + Alcohol macromolecule
Trans Fatty Acids
It is high in processed foods and bakery products, where partially hydrogenated vegetable oils are used for cooking.
Artificial trans fats (or trans fatty acids) are created in an industrial process that adds hydrogen to liquid vegetable oils to make them more solid.
Trans fatty acids adversely affect multiple risk factors, including plasma lipids and lipoproteins, systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance, diabetes and adiposity.
Nonsaponifiable lipids
Terpene derivatives
Sterol derivative
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