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Respiratory: Interstitial Lung Disease - Coggle Diagram
Respiratory: Interstitial Lung Disease
Pathogenesis
restrictive lung disease
group of heterogenous disorders
extensive alteration of lung parenchyma with fibrosis
reduced FVC + DLCO + TCL
FEV1/ FVC ratio is normal (>0.7)
Types
IFP
UIP
fibrosis with no inflamm
honeycombing
smoking = risk factor
Sarcoidosis
non-caseating granulomas
upper
bi-hilar lymphadenopathy
raised ACE + ca
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
caused by organic dust
Farmer’s Lung
exposure to hay or mould
Bird Fancier’s Lung
Asbestosis
lower
pleural plaques
CWP
upper
CTD
RA
Scleroderma
Ank Spond
apical fibrosis
vasculitis
all cause lower except ank spond
Iatrogenic
radiation
drugs
bleomycin
nitrofurantoin
MTX
amiodarone
lower zone
Histiocytosis X
upper
Signs + sx
progressive dyspnoea
dry cough
Clubbing
Reduced chest expansion
Fine end-inspiratory crepitations
Tx
avoid exposures
vaccines
smoking cessation
O2
steroids if responsive (not IPF)
physio
6-minute walk test can assess for desaturation
on exertion + need for portable oxygen
LTOT
Tx underlying condition
disease modifying meds for IPF
Pirfenidone
Nintedanib
sarcoid responds well to NSAIDs, if not then try steroids