Nature vs Nurture
What is DNA?
Multiples
similarities between
identical twins share their DNA code with each other.
differences between
Our Identities
are made of our personality traits, abilities, likes and dislikes, your belief system or moral code, and the things that motivate you
identical twins were formed from the exact same sperm and egg from their father and mother. In contrast, fraternal twins are formed from two different sperm and two different eggs.
Identity and individuation differ for twins because of their physiological and psychological connection.
Terminology
twins derived from a single ovum (monozygotic) and from two separate ova (dizygotic),
Many twins struggle to cultivate their own identities, while being so similar to one another. And that struggle lasts a lifetime, according to a recent study.
the human body is made up of 30 trillion cells
each cell had a nucleus
the nucleus' are made up of 46 chromosomes
chromosomes are thread like structures made up of DNA
chromosomes are made up of pairs
each pair of chromosomes are made up of 2 strands of DNA
they are enter twined with each other to form a double helix structure
DNA contains the instructions needed for an organism to develop, survive and reproduce
Things we get from our parents
dimples
fingerprints
height
teeth structure
eye colour
many personal traits are inherited from out parents and ancestors
DNA is found in the cells of our skin and organ tissue
Dominant and recessive genes play a role in determining eye colour
not exactly of course
I havee braces because my Dad has bad teeth!
mental disorders
hereditary ilnneses
Over 700 different genes have been found to contribute some small amount to your adult height.
Cystic fibrosis. 5-10% of cancers. down syndrome
Such disorders include autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder, major depression and schizophrenia.
An individual must inherit two non-functioning CF genes – one from each parent – to have CF. If both parents are carriers there is a 1 in 4 (25 percent) chance that both will pass on the non-functioning gene, which would result in a pregnancy affected with cystic fibrosis.
can be affected by our environments
What is nature? :
What is nurture?
Meaning: the genetic factors that are inherited. Our personal traits and abilities, addictions. Appearance and personality traits.
variables of environment, our upbringing and life experiences. Social interactions/relationships and the culture we were raised in. your parents' relationships.
What is the Neubauer study?
experiment that involved identical siblings who were adopted as infants and separated into different families to examine the effects of nature versus nurture. The study was primarily designed and directed by Dr Peter Neubauer.
The study was an attempt to further understand our behavior and once and for all prove whether we are driven by nature or nurture.
music perveance, language you grew up speaking
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opposing “nature” to “nurture” is misleading. Genes combine with the environment to produce complex human traits.
chronicle twins and triplets born in the 1960s who were separated as infants and adopted by different families who had no idea of the other siblings’ existence.
The separation and secrecy were unethical aspects of an experiment that sought to examine the contributions of genetics and environment to child development.
selection of families based on differing socioeconomic status.
birth mothers had been diagnosed with mental illness
features may have been relevant to investigating the relative effects of the status of adoptive families on “nurture” and maternal health history on “nature.”
Home visits and child testing were conducted for years following the placements. Families were told that these were part of routine monitoring after adoption. They were never told about their adoptive child’s biological siblings or about the nature of the study.
HUGE VIOLATIONS
50% of our DNA was passed from each of our parents
identical twins are treated more similarly than fraternal, things like being dressed the same all contributes to a similar environment.
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