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The armed peace in Europe
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between 1870-1914 (Europe)
was a period of what is known as the Armed Peace
Armed peace
It was called this because, although there was peace, tension between the European countries was growing
in this period countries were dedicating a large part of their production to manufacturing weapons
The importance of the German empire
during the armed peace
the role of the German Empire was important
it became the most important power in Europe because of its economic and military development
The Bismarckian system (1871–1890)
German emperor (Wilhelm I) used diplomacy to maintain the balance of power between European countries
Objectives of this alliances
to maintain Germany power in Europe
to prevent France from declaring war on Germany
With this foreign policy
Bismarck managed to avoid conflict in Europe for twenty years
in order to do this he had to strengthen the German army
This forced the other European countries to build up their armies too
The chancellor (Otto von Bismarck) established a system of alliances
Austro-Hungarian Empire
Italy
Russian Empire
The expansionist foreign policy of Wilhelm II (1890–1914)
the German emperor, Kaiser Wilhelm II
he came to the throne in 1888
changed the system of alliances for an expansionist policy
focusing on obtaining a colonial empire that reflected Germany's growing economic power
Bismarck disagreed with Wilhelm II on foreign policy issues and resigned from his position (1890)
Wilhelm II
didn't renew the Reinsurance Treaty with the Russian Empire
because he thought that Russia wouldn't ally with France
he had political power caused concern in France and Great Britain
France and Russia become allies because of France's economic investment in Russian industry
Triple Entente (1907)
with Russia in order to try to stop Germany's expansion
Important (the bismarckian system)
The first system
1872
The three Emprerors' was signed by
Wilhelm I of Germany
Franz Joseph of Austria-Hungary
Tsar Alexander II of Russia
It failed due to rivalry between Austria-Hungary and Russia over control of the Balkans
The second system
(1879-1882) various treaties were signed
1879
the secret Double Alliance
Germany and Austria-Hungary
1881
the Alliance of the three emperors was re-signed
problems soon began to reappear between the Austrians and the Russians
1882
The Triple Alliance between Germany
Germany, Austro-Hungarian and Italy
The third system
1887
the Triple Alliance was renewed
Austria-Hungary
Italy
Germany
Reinsurance Treaty
was a secret alliance with Russia that German signed
both countries promised to remain neutral if either went to war against another countries
