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end of year, acids and alkali's, gravity, is the force that pull us…
end of year
chemical changes
elements and atoms
atomic mass larger number and the atomic number is the smaller number
electron negative mass nearly nothing
proton positive same mass as neutron ("1")
neuton same mass as proton ("1")
protons and electrons are both equivelent to the atomic number however neutrons =to atomic mass--atomic number
periodic table
On the periodic table, there are families which are groups of elements with similar properties. These families are alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, post-transition metals, metalloids, halogens, noble metals, and noble gases.
history of the periodic table
dmitri mendeleev
was a russian chemist and inventor
Dmitri Mendeleev was a Russian chemist who lived from 1834 to 1907. He is considered to be the most important contributor to the development of the periodic table. His version of the periodic table organized elements into rows according to their atomic mass and into columns based on chemical and physical properties.
john newlands
British chemist John Newlands was the first to arrange the elements into a periodic table with increasing order of atomic masses. He found that every eight elements had similar properties and called this the law of octaves. He arranged the elements in eight groups but left no gaps for undiscovered elements.
john dalton
Importantly, Dalton assigned atomic weights to the atoms of the 20 elements he knew of at the time. This was a revolutionary concept for the day, which would contribute to the development of the periodic table of the elements later in the 19th century. Dalton's table of elements, 1808.
Oxidation
oxidation is where something is exposed to oxygen
thermal decomposition
Thermal decomposition is a chemical reaction where heat is a reactant. Since heat is a reactant, these reactions are endothermic meaning that the reaction requires thermal energy to break the chemical bonds in the molecule.
rusting
Rusting is an oxidated reaction the iron reacts with water this forms hydrated iron when hydrated iron is mixed with oxygen you get rust
properties of metal
lustrous: all metals are shiny when polished or freshly cut
flexible: metals do not break they bend
ductile: metals can be drawn into wires
malleable: metals can be hammered into streets
sonarous: metals ring like a bell
electrical conducter:all metals conduct electricity
thermal conductor: all metals allow energy to flow through them causing heat
conservation of mass
combustion
types of combustion
incomplete combustion
incomplete combustion is where there is not enough oxygen causing carbon dioxide, carbon, water and carbon monoxide(carbon monoxide can be really dangerous )
complete combustion
complete combustion is where there is excess oxygen this means it can only provide carbon dioxide and water (mucher safer than incomplete combustion)
combustion is the scientific word for burning basically when oxygen and metals are mixed causing an explosion
when you mix a metal with oxygen you get metal oxide
energy
efficency calculations
to calculate efficiency do useful/input times 100
sankey diagram
energy in food
non renewable and renewable energy
renewable energy
renewable energy is an energy source that will not run out as it can be used quicker than it is used
non renewable energy
non renewable energy is an energy source that will run out as it is used quicker then it is made
energy stores
heat enegy
light energy
electrical energy
chemical energy
nuclear energy
green energy
gravitational potential energy
mechanical energy
kinectic energy
you measure energy in (j) short for joules
energy cannot be created or destroyed
health
being healthy
health is a complete state of physical, mental and social well being as well as the absence of disease.
being fit
ability for the the body to meet the demands of its lifestyle
microbes and pathogens
microbes is the name given to viruses and bacteria microorganisms also known as germs to make you feel unwell
fungi
athletes foot
bacteria
herpes, colesaw
viruses
chicken pox, wart, shingles, mumps
pathogen is a fancy name for a disease
digestive system
mechanical digestion starts here and saliva is added
food goes down the esophagus to the stomach
stomach churns the food and hydrochloric acid is added food goes down into the small intestine large intestine then waste in the anus
digestive enzymes
enzymes
enzymes are used to speed up chemical reaction
there are 3 types of digestive enzymes
amalyse
this is used for statrch
1 more item...
amino acid
fo protein
to remember this a saying is pinching pies agressiveliy for protein amino acid protease
lipase
for fat
a saying to remember this is faf fat, lipase, fatty acid
starch amylase sugar
fat lipase fatty acid
protein amino acid protease
food tests
fat - ethanol -cloudy protein buiret pink purple
starch is iodineblack/blue
sugar benedicts green yellow red
balanced diet
carbohydrates
are in starch and sugary foods they give you energy
protein
helps body grow
fats and oil
macdonalds
vitamin and mineral
helps make your body work properly
food groups
fibre
helps digestive system break stuff down
water
needed for chemical reactions
forces
balanced forces
same sized arrows
unbalanced forces
different sized arrows
acids and alkali's
acids are red on pH scale
there is citric acid
gravity
is the force that pull us down to the ground
