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HOW FOR FANON DO OUR EXISTING POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS EMBODY ILLICIT FORMS…

- - - - decolonisation is quite simply the replacing of a certain species of men with another species of men Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.27.
      - their first encounter was marked by violence and their existence together that is to say the exploitation of the native by the settler was carried on by dint of a great array of bayonets and canonFanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.28.
      - the naked truth of decolonisation evokes for us the searing bullets and bloodstained knives which emanate from it. for if the last shall be the first, this will only come to pass after a murderous and decisive struggle between the two protagonists Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.28
      - what parcels out the world is to begin with the fact of belonging to or not belonging to a given race, a given species Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.31
      - it is neither the act of owning factories nor estates nor a bank balance which distinguishes the governing classes. the governing race is first and foremost those who come from elsewhere those who are unlike the original inhabitants the others Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.31
      - to break up the colonial world does not mean that after the frontiers have been abolished lines of communication will have to be set up between two zones. the destruction of the colonial world is no more and no. less than the abolition of one zone its burial in the depths of the earth or its expulsion from the country Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.31
      - the colonised peoples realise that neither clan remains outside local incidents, they no longer limit themselves to regional horizons for they have caught on to the fact that they live in an atmosphere of international steress Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.60
      - it is true to say that independence has brought moral compensation to colonised peoples and has established their dignity. but they have not yet had time to elaborate a society or to build up and affirm values. the warming, light-giving centre where man and citizen develop and enrich their experience in wider and still wider fields does not yet exist Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.64
  - - - the proof of success lies in a whole structure being changed from the bottom up Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.27.
      - the agents of government speak the language of pure force [who] do not seek to lighten the oppression nor seek to hide the domination [he] puts them into practice with the clear conscience the upholder of peace yet he is the bringer of violence into the home and into the mind of the native Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.29.
      - in the colonial countries where a real struggle for freedom has taken place [] we can observe a genuine eradication of the superstructure built by these intellectuals from the bourgeoise colonialist environment Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.36
      - a colonised intellectual, dusted over by colonial cultures, will in the same way discover the substance of village assemblies, the cohesion of people's committees and the extra-ordinary fruitfulness if local meetings and groupments Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.37
      - pacifists and legalists they are in fact partisans of order, the new order, but to the colonialist bourgeois they put bluntly enough the demand which to them is the main one 'give us more power' [] they are violent in their words and reformist in their attitudes. when the national political leaders say something they make it quite clear that they do not really think it Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.46
      - the politicians who make speeches and who write in the nationalist newspapers make the people dream dreams. they avoid the actual overthrowing of the state, but in fact they introduce to their readers or hearers' consciousness the terrible ferment of subversion Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.53
  - - - in the capitalist countries a multitude of moral teachers and bewilders separate the exploited from those in power Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.29.
      - the problem of truth ought to be considered. in every age, among the people, truth is the property of the national cause Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.39
  - - - the colonised man is an envious man and this the settler knows very well; when their glances meet he ascertains bitterly always on the defensive, they want to take our place. Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.30.
      - this world divided into compartments this world cut in two is inhabited by two different species Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.30.
      - the dividing line, the frontiers are shown by barracks and the police stations [] in the colonial countries on the contrary the policeman and the soldier by their immediate presence and their frequent and direct action maintain contact with the native and advise him by means of rifle butts and napalm not to budge Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.29.
      - obedient to the rules of Aristotelian logic, they both follow the principle of reciprocal exclusivity Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.30
      - the violence with which the supremacy of white values is affirmed and the aggressiveness which has permeated the victory of these values over the ways of life and of thought of the native mean that in revenge, the native laughs in mockery when western values are mentioned in front of him. Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.33
      - the well-known principle that all men are equal will be illustrated in the colonies from the moment that the native claims that he is the equal of the settler. one step more and he is ready to fight to be more than the settler. Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.34
      - This is why the dreams of the native are always of muscular prowess; his dreams are of action and aggression [] during the period of colonialisation, the native never stops achieving his freedom from nine in the evening until six in the morning Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.40
      - those symbols of social order the police, bugle calls in the barracks, military parades and the waving flags are at one and the same time inhibitory and stimulating: for they do not convey the message 'do not dare to budge' rather they cry out 'get ready to attack'.Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.41
      - in the colonial world, the emotional sensitivity of the native is kept on the surface of his skin like an open sore which flinches from the caustic agent; and the psyche shrinks back, obliterates itself and finds outlet in muscular demonstrations which has caused certain wise men to say that the native is a hysterical type Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.44
      - colonialism is not a thinking machine, nor a body endowed with reasoning faculties. it is violence in its natural state and it will only yield when confronted with greater violence Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.48
      - a blind domination founded on slavery is not economically speaking worth while for the bourgeoise of the mother country. the monopolistic group within this bourgeoise does not support a government whose policy is solely that of the sword. what the factory owners and finance magnates of the mother country expect from their government is that it should not decimate the colonial peoples but that is should safeguard with the help of economic conventions their own 'legitimate interests' Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.51
      - it is a waste of breath to say that such and such is a hero or a thief, a scoundrel or a reprobate. if the act for which he is prosecuted by the colonial authorities is an act exclusively directed against a colonialist person or property, the demarcation line is definite and manifestFanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.54
      - the repressions far from calling a halt to the forward rush of national consciousness urge it on. mass slaughter in the colonies at a certain stage of the embryonic development of the consciousness increases that consciousness for the hecatombs are an indication that between oppressors and the oppressed everything can be solved by force Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.56
      - the existence of an armed struggle shows that the people are decoded to trust to violent methods only . he of whom they have never stopped saying that the only language he understands is that of force decides to give utterance by force Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.66
  - - - [the native is] the corrosive element destroying all that comes near him he is the deforming element disfiguring all that has to do with beauty or morality; he is the despository of maleficent powers, the unconscious and irretrievable instrument of blind forces Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.32
      - at times this manicheanism goes to its logical conclusion and dehumanises the native or to speak plainly it turns him into an animal Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.32
      - all the native has seen in his country is that they can freely arrest him, beat him, starve him: and no professor of ethics has ever come to be beaten in his place, nor to share their bread with him Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.34
      - thus we see that the primary Manichaeism which governed colonial society is preserved intact during the period of decolonisation, that is to say that the settler never ceases to be the enemy, the opponent, the foe that must be overthrown. Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.39
      - he constantly refers to the history of his mother country [] the history he writes is not the history of the country which he plunders but the history of his own nation in regard to all that she skims off, all that she violates and starves Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.40
      - when the settler or the policeman has the right the live-long day to strike the native, to insult him and make him crawl to them, you will see the native reaching for the knife at the slightest hostile or aggressive glance cast on him by another native, for the last resort of the native is to defend his personality vis a vis his brother
      - the youth of a colonised country, growing up in an atmosphere of shoot and fire may well mock of [] the djinns who rush into your body while you yawn. the native discovers reality and transforms it into the pattern of his customs into the practice of violence and into his plan for freedom.
      - it was I even I and I told him so, the good slave, the faithful slave, the slave of slaves and suddenly his eyes were like two cockroaches frightened by the rainy season... I struck and the blood spurted this is the only baptism that I remember today Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.69
  - - - this European opulence is literally scandalous for it has been founded on slavery, it has been nourished with the blood of slaves and it comes directly from the soil and the subsoil of that underdeveloped world Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.76
      - a regime of austerity is imposed on these starving men; a disproportionate amount of work is required from their atrophied muscles Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.77
      - up to the present no serious effort had been made to estimate the riches of the soil or of mineral resources. thus the young independent nation sees itself obliged to use the economic channels created by the colonial regime Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.79
      - in plain words the colonial power says since you want independence take it and starve Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.77
      - if conditions of work are not modified centuries will be needed to humanise this world which has been forced down to animal level by imperial powers Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.79
      - when we hear the head of a European state declare with his hand on hisbheart that he must come to the help of the poor underdeveloped peoples, we do not tremble with gratitude. quite the contrary, we say to ourselves, its a just reparation which will be paid to us Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.81
- - - - news of the repression comes to the country districts in a grossly exaggerated form the tale runs that the leaders are arrested, that machine-gunning is rife and that the two is running red with the blood of negroes [] the banner of revolt is unfurled [] guerrilla warfare begins. the peasantry spontaneously give concrete form to the general insecurity and colonialism takes fright and either continues the war or negotiates Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.92
      - we can observe the process whereby the rupture occurs between the illegal and legal tendencies in the party. the illegal minority is made to feel that they are the undesirables and are shunned by the people that matter. the legal members of their party come to their aid with great precaution but already there is a rift between the two tendencies [] the repression of these wayward elements intensifies as the legal party draws nearer to colonialism and attempts to modify it from the inside. the illegal minority thus finds itself in a historical blind alley Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.100
      - the constitution of the lumpen proletariat is a phenomenon which obeys its own logic and neither the brimming activity of the missionaries nor the decrees of the central government can check its growth. the lumpen proletariat, is like a horde of rats; you may kick them and throw stones at them but despite your efforts they'll go on gnawing at the roots of the tree Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.103
      - you can hold out for three days maybe even for three months on the strength of the admixture of sheer resentment contained in the mass of the people but you won't win a national war, you'll never overthrow the terrible enemy machine and you won't change human beings if you forget to raise the standard of the consciousness of the rank and file. neither stubborn courage nor fine skogans are enough Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.108
      - violence alone, violence committed by the people, violence organised and educated by its leaders makes it possible for the masses to understand social truths and gives the key to them. without that struggle, without that knowledge of the practice of action, there's nothing but a fancy-dress parade and the blare of trumpets Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.118
  - - - the peasant's pride, his hesitation to go down into the towns and to mingle with the world that the foreigner had built, his perpetual shrinking back at the approach of the agents of the colonial administration all these sections signified that to the dual world of the settler he opposed his own duality Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.111
      - consciousness slowly dawns upon truths that are only partial, limited and unstable Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.117
- - - - this traditional weakness which is almost congenital to the national consciousness off under developed countries, is not solely the result of the mutilation of the colonised people by the colonial regime. it is also the result of the intellectual laziness of the national middle class of its spiritual penury and of the profoundly cosmpolitan mould that its mind is set in Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.119
      - the national bourgeoise of these two great religions which has totally assimilated colonialist thought in its most corrupt form takes over from the Europeans and establishes in the continent a racial philosophy which is ectremely harmful for the future of Africa Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.130
      - the progressive transformation of the party into an information service is the indication that the government holds itself more and more on the defensive. the incoherent mass of the people is seen as a blind force that must continually be held in check either by mystification or by the fear inspired by the police force. the party acts as a barometer and as an information service, the military is turned into an informer Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.146
      - the capitalist conception of sport is fundamentally different from that which should exist in an under developed country, the African politician should not be preoccupied with turning out sportsmen but in turning out fully conscious men who play games as well. if games are not integrated into the national life, that is to say, in the building of the nation, and if you turn out national sportsmen and not fully conscious men, you will very quickly see sport rotted by professionalism and commercialism Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.158
      - the African people and indeed all underdeveloped people contrary to common belief, very quickly build up a social and political consciousness. what can be dangerous is when they reach the stage of social consciousness before the stage of natioanlism Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.164
      - if nationalism is not made explicit, if it is not enriched and deepened by a very rapid transformation into a consciousness of social and political needs in other words into humanism then it leads up a blind alley Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.165
  - - - the psychology of the national bourgeoise is that of the businessman, not that of a captain of industry, and it is only too true that the greed of the settlers and the system of embargoes set up by colonialism has hardly left them any other choice Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.120
      - there are plenty of examples of African patriots who have introduced into the cautious political advance if their elders a decisive style characterised by its nationalist outlook [] these men who have sung the praises of their race, who have taken upon themselves the whole burden of the past, complete with cannibalism and degeneracy find themselves today alas at the head of a team of administrators who turn their back on the jungle and who proclaim that the vocation of their people is to obey to go on obeying and to be obedient to the end of time Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.135
      - in under developed countries web have seen that no true bourgeoise exists there is only a sort of greedy caste, avid and voracious, with the mind of a huckster, only too glad to accept the dividends that the former colonial power hands out to it. this get rich quick middle class shows itself incapable of great ideas or that of inventiveness [] it becomes not even the replica of Europe, but its caricature Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.141
  - - - the colony's economy is not integrated into that of the nation as a whole, it is still organised in order to complete the economy of the different mother countriesFanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.127
- - - - colonialism is not satisfied merely with bolding a people in its grip and emptying the native's brain of all form and content. by a kind of perverted logic it turns the last of the oppressed people, and distorts, disfigures and destroys itFanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.169
      - the effect consciously sought by colonialism was to drive into the native's heads the idea that if the srttelers were to leave they would at once fall back into barbarism, degradation and bestiality Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.169
      - colonialism's condemnation is continental ins cope. the contention that the darkest night of humanity lay over pre-colonial history concerns the whole of the African continent Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.170
      - negroism therefore finds its first limitation the phenomena which take account of the formation of the historical character of men. negro and African culture broke up into different entities because the men who wished to incarnate these cultures realised that every culture is first and foremost national Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.174
      - cultural obliteration is made possible by the negation of national reality by new legal relations introduced by the occupying power by the banishment of the natives and their customs to outlying districts by colonial society by expropriation Andy the systematic enslaving of men and womenFanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.190
      - a national culture under colonial domination is a contested culture whose destruction is sought in systemic fashion Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.191
      - the poverty of the people national oppression and the inhibition of culture are one and the same thing. after a century of colonial domination we find a culture which is rigid in the extreme, or rather what we find are the dregs of a culture in mineral strata Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p191
  - - - because he feels himself becoming estranged, that is to say because he feels that he is the living haunt of contradictions which run the risk of becoming insurmountable, the native tears himself away from the swamp that may suck him down and accepts everything, decides to take all for granted and confirms everything even though he may lose body and soul Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.175
      - a national culture is the whole body of efforts made by a people In the sphere of thought to describe, justify and praise the action through which that people has created itself and keeps itself in existence Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.188
- - - - the war goes on, we will have to bind up for years to come the many, sometimes ineffaceable wounds that the colonialist onslaught has inflicted on our people Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.200
      - because there is a systematic negation of the other person and a furious determination to deny the other person all attributes of humanity, colonialism forces the people it dominates to ask themselves the question constantly, who am I? Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.200
      - in the period of colonialisation when it is not contested by armed resistance, when the sum total of harmful nerb=vous stimuli overstep a certain threshold the defensive attitudes of the natives give wyay and they can find themselves crowding the mental hospitals. there is thus during this calm period of successful colonialisation a regular and important mental pathology which is the direct product of oppression Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.201
  - - - I was looking at the photo of my daughter, I used to think that she too was dishonoured like as ig everything that had to do with my wife was rotten. if they'd tortured her or knocked her out with all her teeth or broken an arm I wouldn't have minded, but that thing, how can you forget a thing like that: and why did she have to tell me about it all? Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.207
      - as soon as someone goes against me I want to hit him. even outside mt job I feel I want to settle the Fellowes who get in my way, even for nothing at all. [] the patient dislikes noise, at home he wants to hit everybody all the time. in fact he does hit his children, even the baby of twenty months, with unaccustomed savagery Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.215
  - - - total liberation is that which concerns all sectors of the personality. the ambush or the attack the torture or the massacre of his brothers plants more deeply the determination to win, waked up the unwary and feeds the imagintion Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.250
      - independence is not a word which can be used as excorcism but an indispensable condition for the existence of men and women who are truly liberated, in other words who are truly masters of all the material means which make possible the radical transformation of society Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.250
- - - - let us decide not to imitate Europe let us combine our muscles and brains in a new direction Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.252
      - today we are present at the stasis of Europe. comrades let us flee from this motionless movement where gradually dialectic is changing into the logic of equilibrium Fanon, F. and Sartre, J., 1977. The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth, p.253