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Economic developments - Coggle Diagram

- - - - navigable rivers - Rhine and Elbe
      - railway system complete by 1890
    - - elementary education deemed best in world
      - 1870 - more science graduates from Munich uni than any English unis combined.
    - - free from state control & invested heavily
      - n.o banks increased (1872 49 new banks in Prussia)
      - close relationship between banks and businesses
    - - 1875 only 8 cartels, 600 by 1911
      - five biggest dyestuff companies responsible for 90% of Germany's output
      - Steel Union 1904 - included Krupps
    - - Bismarck's tarrifs
      - Caprivi's trade treaties and measures - e.g subsidies to keep transport costs low
  - - - led to slower growth in textiles and engineering products from 1876, only returned 1894
    - - early railway investment kept economy buoyant
      - led to greater cooperation rather than rivalry between businesses
      - some companies pooled resources and created cartels
  - - - 1914 30-35% of GNP, by 1914 45%
      - annual growth rates 4.5%
      - 1899-1914 production rates tripled
      - stood alongside US and UK as world's leading industrial nations
- - - - 1890 - 89 million tonnes
      - 1910 - 222 million tonnes
    - - 1910 - 13.8 million tonnes
      - 1890 - 2.3 mlillion tonnes produced
  - - - producing 1/3 of world's chemical dyes.
      - Amomonia production rose from 84,000 tonnes to 287,000 tonnes between 1897 and 1907
      - led way in artifical fibres
    - - The Benz Company
        
        1893 'Benz Velo' first inexpensive, mass produced car
    - - Siemens developed dynamos
      - production of electrical energy increased 150% between 1901-1915
      - 1913 controlled half of world's trade
      - exported £11 million electrical goods, US and UK 8 million combined
- - - - 1895 Industrial's league
      - Imperial League 1904
      - maintained powerful economic lobby on government