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Conjunctions, dependent clause, comma, independent clause, no comma -…
Conjunctions
Correlative conjunctions
Join words or phrases that carry equal importance
Both.......and.......
I'll have
both
the cheesecake
and
the hot chocolate
Whether......or......
I didn't know
whether
you'd want the cheesecake
or
the hot chocolate
Either......or......
I want
either
the cheesecake
or
the hot chocolate
Not.....but
.....
I see you're in the mood
not
for dessert
but
appetizers
Not only.......but also.....
I'll eat them both-
not only
the cheesecake
but also
the hot chocolate
Neither......nor....
Oh, you want
neither
the cheesecake
nor
the hot chocolate?
As......as.....
Bowling isn’t
as
fun
as
skeet shooting
Such…that.....
Such
was the nature of their relationship
that
they never would have made it
Scarcely…when.....
I had
scarcely
walked in the door
when
I got the call
As many…as.....
There are
as many
curtains
as
there are windows
No sooner…than.....
I’d
no sooner
lie to you
than
strangle a puppy
Rather….than.....
She’d
rather
play the drums
than
sing
Conjuctive Adverbs
Relation independent clauses
Main clause + ; +conjuctive adverb + , +main clause
,
at the beginning of the main clause
;
when both clauses are independent and can stand alone
How to identify conjuctive adverbs
Is a connecting word
test by moving the connecting word to another
Conjunctive adverbs can be moved
.
or
;
after all, also, besides, in fact, instead, still, then, thus,......
,
Jeremy kept talking in class
; therefore,
he got in trouble.
Rules
Connect thoughts, action and ideas
Useful for making list
Make sure all the parts of the sentence agree
Puntuaction
Join two words
no comma before the conjuction
I was alone and sad
Join three or more words
requires comma between the elements
Join two idependant clauses
requires comma before the cordinating conjuction
Coordinating conjunctions
Link units of equal syntactic status
English
F
OR
Jane stayed in the jungle
for
Tarzan
A
ND
I want pizza
and
soda
N
OR
He dosen't have family
nor
home
B
UT
I have to go
but
I don't want
O
R
You eat ice cream
or
sandwich
Y
ET
She didn't study for the test
yet
she passed it
S
O
I don't know the topic
so
I cannot explain
Spanish
Copulativas
Disyuntivas
Adversativas
Distributivas
Explicativas
es decir, esto es.....
ya.....ya, bien.....bien,....
más, pero sino, sin embargo,.....
o, u, bien
y, e, ni, que
Subordinating conjunctions
Make one clause dependant upon the other
English
Subordinating clause + , + main clause
Because is raining ,
we need an umbrella
Main clause + subordinating clause
We have an umbrella
because is raining
Words used
Concession and comparison
although, as, just as, while,......
Condition
even if, in case, if, unless,.....
Cause
as, because, since, so that,.....
Place
where, wherever
Time
before, once, still, after, until,......
Spanish
de lugar
donde
de tiempo
cuando, apenas, en cuanto,....
de modo
como, según, según que,......
comparativas
tan.....cual, tan....como,.....
causales
que, porque, puesto que,....
consecutivas
luego, con que,.......
condicionales
si, en el caso de que,......
concesivas
aunque, a pesar de que,........
finales
a que, para que,.....
Is used to connect words, phrases, or clauses
dependent clause
comma
independent clause
no comma
