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ART IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY - Coggle Diagram
ART IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY
Cast-iron architecture
1850-1890
it used iron as a building material
example
Gustave Eiffel's Eiffel Tower
it commemorated the centenary of the French Revolution
it was used to build
large buildings with fewer supports
for example
libraries
Sante Geneviève
train stations
in Spain
Velázquez Bosco
the Crystal Palace in Madrid
Modernist architecture
1890-1920
it used new materials
such as
reinforced concrete
glass
iron
as construction and decorative materials
modernist architects designed the interior and exterior of the buildings
predominant features
organic motifs
curves and wavy lines
example
in Europe
the Paris metro entrance by Hector Guimard
in Spain
Antonio Gaudí
characteristics
hexagonal balconies
curved structures with concrete
his works
Casa Milà
the Sagrada Familia
Casa Batlló
the Park Güel
Post-impressionism
it was created in 1890
each artist had its own characteristics
most important arists
Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
Edgar Degas
Vincent van Gogh
The starry night
Paul Cézanne
The blue vase
he used geometric shapes to depict real objects
The Chicago School
After a fire that destroyed Chicago (1871)
Architects
redesigned the city
their designs included
foundations were strengthen
concrete pillars
lifts and telephones were incorporated
the first syscrapers
structure --- cast iron and steel
walls --- glass
such as
William le Baron Jenney
Louis Sullivan
Impressionism
it was an experimental style of painting and sculpture
it was created in France in 1870
artists tried to create an impression' in the minds of the viewers
it was the beginning of modern art
characteristics
artists painted outside
scenes of everyday life
walks
landscapes
dances
the works didn't contain any political or social message
artists depicted the effect of light on objects
technique of painting
they used unmixed colours
paint was applied in thick, overlapping layers
works
painting
The swing by August Renoir
Paseo a orillas del mar by Joaquín Sorolla
A bar at the Folies-Bergère
Tendido de sombra by Dario Regoyos
Impression sunrise by Claude Monet
sculpture
The thinker by Auguste Rodin
Materials provided by the new industries started to be used
such as
concrete
steel
this was the beginning of the modern architecture
Realism
cultural movement (1850-1870)
it shows scenes from everyday life (the working class)
it reflected
the had working conditions of the labourers
the social and economic situations
Works
sculptures
The forger by Constantin Meunier
paintings
The washerwoman by Honoré Daumier
The painter's studio by Gustave Courbet
Angelus by Jean François Millet
La siesta by Martí i Alsina (Spanish)
the figures were painted realistically
During the second half of the 19th century, art reflected
technological changes
social changes
economic changes
