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ART IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19th CENTURY - Coggle Diagram
ART IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19th CENTURY
Art in the second half of the 19th century
the second half of the 19th century
reflected
social changes
technological changes
economic changes
New architectural tendencies
made use of materials provided by the new industries
steel and concrete
the beginning of modern architecture
CAST-IRON ARCHITECTURE
Cast-iron architecture
a form of architecture
between 1850 and 1890
used iron as a building material
Gustave Eiffel
iron and steel industry produced cast-iron
allowed the construction of large buildings
Velázquez Bosco
MODERNIST ARCHITECTURE
Between about 1890 and 1920
new architectural style
developed in Europe
new materials
iron
reinforced concrete
glass
construction and decorative materials
Modernist architects
designed every aspect of the building
including interior and exterior elements
Curves and wavy lines
organic motif
In Europe
Paris metro entrances were designed by Modernist architect Hector Guimard
In Spain
Antonio Gaudí (1852–1926)
practised complete creative liberty
hexagonal balconies and curved structures with concrete
Casa Batlló, the Casa Milà, the church of the Sagrada Familia and the Park Güell
REALISM
Realism
was a cultural movement
(literary and artistic)
between 1850 and 1870
show scenes from everyday life
(work and family life)
especially of the working class
socially conscious art
portrayed the hard working conditions
social and economic situation
figures in the paintings were painted realistically and were not idealised
In sculpture
bronze works of Constantin Meunier
(The forger)
In painting
Jean François Millet
painted peasants (Angelus)
Honoré Daumier
painted the working class (The washerwoman)
Gustave Courbet
painted different social classes (The painter's studio)
Martí i Alsina
(La siesta)
scenes of middle class life
IMPRESSIONISM
Impressionism
a style of painting and to some extent, sculpture,
began in France in 1870
spread across Europe
experimental style
artists tried to create an impression' in the minds of the viewers
significantly different from traditional painting
the beginning of modern art
Impressionists...
usually painted outside
they painted scenes of everyday life
the effect of light on objects at different times of the day
technique
innovative
unmixed colours
Paint
applied in thick
overlapping layers
fast, loose brushstrokes
most important Impressionists
Claude Monet
(Impression: sunrise)
Édouard Manet
(A bar at the Folies-Bergère)
August Renoir
(The swing)
Joaquín Sorolla
(Paseo a orillas del mar)
Dario Regoyos
(Tendido de sombra)
Auguste Rodin
(The burghers of Calais)
POST-IMPRESSIONISM
post-impressionism
From 1890 onwards
Impressionism was replaced by Post-Impressionism
Impressionism was replaced by Post-Impressionism
each painter had their own style
most important Post-Impressionist artists
Vincent van Gogh
Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
Edgar Degas
Paul Cézanne
geometric shapes
