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Lecture 6: Immunity and vaccination - Coggle Diagram
Lecture 6: Immunity and vaccination
Immune system
1st defence
Skin
Mucous membranes
Sphincters
2nd line defence (non-adaptive immunity)
White blood cells
Neutrophils
Macrophages & Monocytes
Proteins
Complement
3rd line defence (adaptive-immunity)
Lymphocytes
Bone marrow
B-lymphocytes
Memory-B-cells
Plasma cells
Antibodies
IgG
past infection
IgA
early infection (mm)
IgM
early infection
IgE
allergic response
IgD
antigen receptor on B cells
Thymus
T-lymphocytes
Helper-T-cells
Cytokines
Cytotoxic T-cells
Kills virus/bacteria infected cells/cancer cells
Memory-T-cells
Antigen
Problems with the immune system
Immediate hypersensitivity
Predisposition to make too much IgE
Extreme hypersensitivity (anaphylaxis)
Mast cells
Delayed hypersensitivity
Caused by T-lymphocytes
Autoimmunity
Lymphocytes react to own cells
Immunodeficiency
Primary
Congenital
Secondary
Treatment based
Infection (e.g. AIDS)
Immunization
Active (vaccination)
Live vaccines
Inactivated/killed microorganisms vaccines
Toxoid vaccines
Recombinant vaccines
m-RNA vaccines
Passive (transfer of antibodies)