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Mixed Methods (MMs) - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Quanti-qualitative(explanatory) (result: 38%)
        
        "Nested analysis" in political science
      - Quali-quantitative(exploratory) (result: 28%)
      - Hybrid
        
        Qualitative-quantitative-qualitative (result: 4%)
  - - - Corroborate or complement findings
      - Gain multilevel understanding
  - - - Sequencing design
        
        Quanti-qualitative
        
        The connection between the results of the first & the data collection of the second phase
        
        Methodological devices
        
        Following an "interview protocol development"
        
        Information from the first sample required to draw the second(purposeful sampling)
        
        Quali-quantitative
        
        Requires embedding the results of the first(qualitative), enacted through the second(quantitative)
        
        Methodological devices
        
        The result through the qualitative phase ought to turned into inputs for the second qualitative phase
        
        Crewel & Plano-Clark
        
        Ideally both samples should be from the same population
      - Parallel design
        
        Integration requires assembly & comparison of the results
- - - - Aligned with
        
        Econometric models
        
        Survey methods
        
        Experimental & Quasi-experimental designs
        
        Quantitative case studies
  - - - Aligned with
        
        Narrative inquiry
        
        Qualitative case studies
        
        Ethnographic analysis
        
        Phenomenological analysis
        
        Hermeneutical/Historical analysis
        
        Participatory research
    - - Inductive vs Deductive
        
        Common cores/Similarities
        
        The principle of inquiry-driven design
        
        Inductive methods seek the same questions as quantitative methods, just using different types
        of data and standards of rigor.
        
        The criticality of gap-driven inquiry.
        
        Seek to investigate something overlooked, under-appreciated, or potentially misunderstood
        
        Improve the quality for both deductive and inductive methods
        
        The importance of scholarship that advances theory
        
        The greatest currency goes to relevance
        
        Differences
        
        Generalizability
        
        Deductive
        
        It's aim is to test the presence of an a priori relationship in the population based on a limited, representative sample
        
        Randomized sample
        
        Inductive
        
        Never purely random nor convenient sample
        
        It's aim to systematically describe and interpret what is occurring in a finite set of cases in sufficient detail as to lend insight into what might be going on in these cases
        
        Replication
        
        Deductive
        
        The findings should be able to replicate in the sense that two researchers asking the same question would come to the same interpretation of the data
        
        Inductive
        
        The criteria is based on the evidence provided, is a given interpretation credible
      - Elements of Rigor
        
        Data Collection
        
        Protocol design & methodological tradition
        
        Descriptive Qualitative Inquiry
        
        Case Study/Comparative Case Study
        
        Ethnography
        
        Grounded theory
        
        Phenomenology
        
        Narrative Analysis
        
        Research Design
        
        Sampling
        
        Inquiry driven
        
        Theoretically justified
        
        Information rich
        
        Data analysis
        
        Qualitative saturation
        
        Justification of the research approach
        
        Reporting
        
        Significance of the research question
        
        Robustness
        
        Data Collection
        
        Data Analysis and Interpretation
        
        Lincoln and Guba (1986)
        
        Criterias of qualitative trustworthiness
        
        Whether the interpretation is credible in light of the data
        
        Whether it was the result of a robust and systematic analytical process designed and minimize and/or account for investigator bias
        
        Whether it is reported with sufficient attention to context
        
        Strategies and associated aims in evaluating the qualitative rigor
        
        Analysis
        
        Consensus based coding with multiple coders
        
        Look for alternative interpretations and negative
        cases; describe prevalence of converging and
        diverging patterns
        
        Triangulate findings
        
        Analysis mapping and external audit
        
        Reporting
        
        Member check findings
        
        Report audit trail and other design features
        
        Provide "thick description" of research context
        and informants
        
        Description of major findings are "grounded" in
        examples
        
        Data collection
        
        Prolonged engagement
        
        Ask the same question in several ways
        
        Use multiple investigators
        
        Peer debriefing and documentation
        
        Collect data in phases, iterating between analysis and data collection
        
        Member check initial interpretation
      - Qualitative approaches in the field of public management
        
        Deductive
        
        Narrative Policy Framework (NPF)
        
        Mixed
        
        Mixed Methods (MMs)
        
        Hybrid
        
        Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA)
- - - - Quantitative methods
      - Deductive approach