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Heidi Ochoa P.1 Cardiovascular system - Coggle Diagram
Heidi Ochoa P.1 Cardiovascular system
Major components/function of bood
Plasma consists mostly of water, with proteins, and nutrients nutrients.
Red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body. Platelets are responsible for blood clotting. White blood cells are part of the immune system they function in immune response.
When centrifuged the layers go as follows: plasma, Buffy coat, RBC
ABO and Rh blood types
blood A – has A antigens on the red blood cells with anti-B antibodies
blood B – has B antigens with anti-A antibodies
blood O – has no antigens, but both anti-A and anti-B antibodies
blood AB – has both A and B antigens
Major functions of cardiovascular system
The cardiovascular system delivers oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and other important substances to cells and organs
Anatomy of heart :
Chambers : R&L ventricles , and atriums
Valves :open and close to pressure change
Atrioventricular valve : located between atria and ventricles. ( tricuspid, mitral valve)
Semilunar valves : between ventricles and major arteries ( aortic and pulmonary valve)
Layers of heart : helps protect heart
Myocardium
Endocardium
Epicardium
Blood flow through heart and body
Look flowed through the right side of the heart first. In this Order
vena cava
R atrium
tricuspid valve
R ventricle
pulmonary valve
through the pulmonary atierty and is sent to the lungs to be oxygenated
Oxygenated blood is sent through the right side in this order. Pulmonary veins
L atrium
Mitral valve
L ventricle
Aortic valve
aorta
and is sent throughout the body
Difference between blood vessel types
Artieries : blood away from heart
Veins : blood toward heart
Capillaries :direct contact with tissue cells
Cardiac cycle/ECG
The ECG is a device used to measure the electrical activity of the heart :
Heart rates
Normal: 60-100 bpm
Tachycardia: > 100 bpm
Bradycardia: < 60 bpm
EKG:P wave-depolarization of atria and nodes QRS complex:ventricular depolarization and atrial repolarization T wave-ventricular repolarization P-R interval- begin of atrial excitation S-T segment- entire ventricular myocardium depolarized Q-T interval- begin of ventricular depolarization
Sequence of excitation
Sinoatrial mode
Atrioventricular node
Atrioventricular bundle
Right and left bundle branches
Subendocardial conducting network
Major blood vessels
There are three kinds of blood vessels: arteries, veins, and capillaries.
Veins : carry blood toward heart de oxygenated
Venues : consists of endothelium and pericytes
Capillaires : direct contact with tissue cells (one cell thick)
Artieries : carry blood away from heart . Oxygenated
Arterioles: smallest) controls flow into capillary beds using vasodilation/constriction
Muscular: gives rise to elastic and deliver blood to organs
Elastic : thick walled with low resistance extend expand and recoil as blood leaves
Vital signs
Pulse , respiratory rate, body temp, and blood pressure
Blood pressure force per unit area exerted on wall of blood vessel by blood.
Pulse: throbbing arteries due to different pulse pressures
Disorders of cardiovascular system
Heart murmurs: abnormal heart sounds when blood hits obstruction (valve problems)
Thromboemblolic disorder: undersirable clot formation
Anemia: low iron, low RBC, or too many RBC
