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Unit 1- Sampling methods :star: - Coggle Diagram
Unit 1- Sampling methods
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Opportunity sampling
= is where a researcher decides to select anyone who is available and willing to participate in their study.
:check: This method is convenient as it saves time, effort and is less costly.
:red_cross: sample is likely to be unrepresentative of the target population.
:red_cross: The researcher has complete control over selection of participants, they may simply avoid people they don't like the look of (researcher bias)
Random sample
= all members of the target population have an equal chance of being selected)
:red_cross: Very difficult and time consuming to conduct, A complete list of the target population may be extremely difficult to obtain.
:red_cross: participants selected may refuse to take part.
:check: it is free from researcher bias . The researcher does not have an influence on who is being selected and who they think will fit their hypothesis
Systematic sample
= every nth member of the target population is selected.
:check: it is usually a fair representative,
:red_cross: If the sampling technique coincides with the frequency of the trait, the sampling technique is neither random nor representative.
:check: Avoid researcher bias. reseacher has no influence over who is chosen
Volunteer sample
= participants select themselves to be part of the study.
:red_cross: will be bias and unrepresentative as volunteers tend to be a certain 'type of person'.
:red_cross: this increases demand characteristics, participants may give answers to the extent they think is required.
:check: creating the sample requires little effort from the researchers
Stratified sample
= sub group is created based on age etc and then the population is randomly sampled within each group.
:check: avoid researcher bias, the participant from the group is randomly selected
:red_cross: can be very time-consuming dividing a sample into groups then randomly selecting from each
:check: produces a representative sample because it is designed to accurately reflect the population.
:red_cross: requires a detailed knowledge of the population characteristics.