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Non communicable diseases - Coggle Diagram
Non communicable diseases
causes
diet
drugs
alchohol
genetics (family history)
stress
cancer
cancerous cells grow and divide uncontrollably
a group of these cells is called a tumor
benign tumors grow slowly and usually with a membrane. these type of tumors can usally be easily removed.
malignant tumors grow quickly and invade neighboring tissues. parts of them can break off and travel through the body in the bloodstream. these parts can the attatch to other parts of the body and create new tumors.
causes
genetic factors
exposure to carcinogens which damage dna
some viruses can increase the risk of cancer such as HPV
the chemicals in cigarette smoke can increase the risk of lung cancer
exposure to ultraviolet light can cause skin cancers
exposure to ionising radiation can cause damage to the dna and increase the risk of cancer
smoking and cardiovascular disease
smoking damages the lining of the arteries including the arteries in the heart. this damage encorages a build up of cat which can cause heart attacks.
carbon monoxide found in cigarette smoke binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells like oxygen however, red blood cells cannot get rid of this carbon monoxide so they can't carry oxygen anymore
nicotine causes an increased heartrate and blood pressure which can increase the risk of blood clots causing heart attacks or strokes.
smoking damages the alveoli and decreases the surface area available for gas exchange. this means less oxygen is able to be taken in by the lungs
smoking increases the risk of lung cancer
alcohol
drinking exess alcohol can cause damage to the liver
alcohol causes lipids to build up in the liver. this is called fatty liver disease
overconsumption of alcohol can cause alcohol hepatitis which can be deadly
healthy liver cells can become scarred and no longer function properly. this is called cirrhosis
the overconsumption of alcohol can cause irreversable brain damage
effects of lifestyle factors on obesity and nutrition
obesity can lead to high blood pressure and fatty deposits in the arteries. this also increases the lightlyhood of developing cardiovascular disease.
body fat affects the bodys ability to use insulin
type 2 diabetes is where the bodies cells no longer respond or have a decreased response to insulin
type 2 diabetes has no cure but can be controlled with diet and exercise
the risk of developing type 2 diabetes can be decreased by eating more whole foods and unprocessed foods.