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VERTIGO - Coggle Diagram
VERTIGO
CAUSES
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Cardiac
MI, Stroke, Hypertension, Diabetes, Smoking, Angina, AF
Drugs
Aminoglycosides, Furosemide, Antidepressants, Antipsychotics
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Trauma
Head trauma-or recent vestibular neuritis, direct trauma to ear-perilymphatic fistula
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COMPLICATIONS
Adversely affects the quality of life and independence, symptoms can be debilitation
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Affects ability to drive, reducing independence
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PERIPHERAL FEATURES
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Horizontal nystagmus, beats away from affected side, disappears with fixation gaze
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CENTRAL FEATURES
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Neurological: Cranial nerve dysfunction, visual disturbance, Speech defects Double vision, weakness, sensory loss, memory loss, gait ataxia
Head impulse test negative, indicating a normal vestibulo-ocular reflex
Direction change nystagmus on lateral gaze(R beating on R gaze, L beating on L gaze
EXAMINATIONS
Neurological examination
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Check for signs of peripheral neuropathy: numbness/tingling in extremities, Burning, shooting Stabbing pains in affected areas, loss of balance/co-ordination, Muscle weakness, especially in feet
Examine Gait, co-ordination and ability to stand independently, Romberg's test
Examine ear: Discharge, vesicular eruptions indicating herpes zoster, signs of cholestraemia
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DEFINITION
Vertigo is a symptom, not a diagnosis, it refers to a false sensation of movement, spinning or rotation of the person or their surroundings in the absence of any actual physical movement