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Computer Hardware, add, subtract, multiply, divide, true, false, <, >…
Computer Hardware
The purpose of the central processing unit(CPU)
The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the part of a computer system that is commonly referred to as the "brains" of a computer.
(The CPU is also known as the processor)
The purpose of the CPU is to process programs and data.
The CPU is where processes such as calculating, sorting and searching take place. Whatever is done on our computers, such as checking emails, playing games and doing homework, the CPU has processed the data we use.
It connects tothe motherboard using on avergae 1000 pins
the impact of clock speed, cache size, and number of cores on CPU performance
Number of cores
Some companies call these CPU’s ‘core’.
Therefore a ‘dual core’ device means the computer contains 2 processors, a ‘quad core’ device means the computer contains 4 processors.
Modern computers speed up their clock speed/processing power by containing more than one processor.
Clock speed
A typical desktop computer is extremely quick, running at 3000 million times per second or 3GHz.
It is this speed that makes it look as though the computer is completing multiple tasks at once.
The CPU clock speed is measured in cycles per second. 1 cycle per second = 1 Hertz.
The faster the clock speed of a computer the more powerful the computer is, the quicker the central
processing unit will work.
Cache size
Cache memory has extremely fast access, so sections of a program and its associated data are copied there to take advantage of its short fetch-execute cycle.
The use of cache memory can greatly reduce processing time therefore the greater the Cache size the quicker the processing time.
the roles of the following components of the CPU: the arithmetic logic unit (ALU), control unit (CU) and immediate‐access store (IAS)
CU
The control unit manages how data is processed by the CPU, it manages how the CPU and other components communicate, for example communicating with a printer or USB device.
It executes all instructions provided by programs. It informs the ALU, IAS along with input and output devices how to respond to instructions from programs
ALU
The ALU processes all data inside the CPU.
As it name suggests it handles both Arithmetic (mathematical) operations and Logical operations.
Some of the arithmetic operations are as follows: addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.
Some of the arithmetic operations are as follows: addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.
Some of the logical operations are as follows: comparison between numbers, letter and or special characters:
IAS
The immediate access store is where the CPU holds all the data and programs that it is currently using.
You can think of it like the numbers typed into a calculator – they are being stored inside the calculator while it processes the calculations.
The immediate access store is often referred to as the registers in the CPU.
The CPU may also use this place to store the results of any processing it does. It can be thought of as made up of lots of individual 'memory' locations, each capable of storing a byte of data.
the role the following play in the fetch‐execute cycle: program counter, memory address register (MAR), memory data register (MDR), instruction address register (IAR) and ALU
The Fetch‐Execute Cycle
This is a basic operation of a computer.
The computer fetches the instruction from its memory and then executes it.
The Fetch-Execute cycle describes the basic steps a CPU carries out to process an instruction.
This is done repeatedly from when the computer is booted up to when it is shut down.
There are 5 stages the fetch-execute cycle goes through:
3.Memory Data Register (MDR)
4.Instruction Address Register (IAR)
2.Memory Address Register (MAR)
5.Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
1.Program Counter
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