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Mechanisms - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Traction: the spring is stretched
      - Compression: the spring is compressed
      - Torsion: the spring is twisted
  - - - The mechanisms used to reduce velocity are called brakes. There are several types.
        
        Band brakes
        
        Drum brakes
        
        Disc brakes
- - - - it can be a(n)...
        
        electric motor
        
        our muscles
        
        spring
      - The motion produced by a motor is transformed and converted by those mechanisms to receiving elements such as wheels, clock hands, and so on, so that they can do the lob for which they were constructed.
- - - - This consists of a bolt or threaded bar and a nut that has the same interior diameter as the diameter of the bolt. If the bolt rotates and the nut can't turn, the nut moves in a linear
        motion along the threaded axle. If the nut rotates in a fixed position, the bolt will move in a linear
        motion.
    - - A crank is a bar attached to an axle that is used to turn it. A winch and crank handle system consists of a drum that rotates and a crank handle that allows to pull or lift obiects, which makes the effort needed to turn the winch is less than it would be if we tried to turn it without the crank handle
    - - This uses a pinion that is a small cogwheel, mounted on a rack that is a toothed belt or bar. When the pinion rotates, the rack advances in a linear motion.
  - - - This is a set of connecting rods attached to a jointed axle. Each of the joints of the axle acts as a crank.
    - - rotating object that pushes a follower as it moves. A set of cams fixed on the same axle is called a camshaft. We can change the shape and the usable profiles — the outside edge of the piece — that are more or less pointed to produce more complex movements.
    - - This is composed of a crank and a rod called a connecting rod or link. This rod has articulated joints at each end — one is connected to the crank and the other to the slider. As the wheel rotates, the crank transmits the rotary motton to the connecting rod, which moves in a reciprocating motion. I can work the other way around.
    - - a wheel with an off-centre rotation axle that doesn't coincide with the centre of its circumference. The distance between the centre of the circumference and the rotation axle is called eccentricity.
- - - - Movable pulley
        
        A moveable pulley has two pulleys — one is fixed while the other can move in a lineal direction. A moveable pulley is balanced when F = R/2
        
        The effort needed to move a load with a moveable pulley is half of the effort needed with a fixed pulley. This type of pulley means we can lift weights with less effort.
      - Compound pulleys
        
        This is a set of fixed and moveable pulleys, often called a block and tackle. If we use more pulleys it becomes more complex, but less effort is needed to move the load.
        
        n = the number of movable pulleys
      - Fixed pulleys
        
        A wheel that has a groove for a rope, cham or belt to go round lt. It rotates around an axle that ls fixed to a wheel, crankshaft, etc. This reduces the load.
        
        A fixed pulley balances F = R
    - - F (force/effort applied at one end of the bar), R (resistance/load at the other end), d (distance from F to the fulcrum), r (distance from R to the fulcrum)
      - types
        
        class 2 - The resistance is between the fulcrum and the effort applied. The effect is always multiplied (d > r)
        
        class 3 - The effort applied is between the fulcrum and the resistance. T effort is always reduced (d < r)
        
        class 1 - The fulcrum is between the effort applied and the resistance. The effect can be both multiplied or reduced.
      - It's a rigid bar supported by a fulcrum
- - - - This is a screw that moves a helical cogwheel that is set perpendicular to the screw.Each time the screw rotates, the gear moves forward as many teeth as there are grooves in the screw. This is used to reduce velocity as well as functioning as a brake system.
    - - two cogwheels with parallel axles that are a certain distance apart, they rotate simultaneously by means of a metal chain or a toothed belt stretched over both wheels. the two gears rotate in the same direction This system transmits greater forces without losing velocity because the chain is attached to the gear teeth so there's no slippage.
    - - Cogwheels are sets of wheels that have teeth called cogs. The cogs fit into the spaces between the cogs of another wheel, so that one wheel moves the other. They transmit a rotary motion between the two connected axles, which can be parallel, perpendicular or oblique. Gears can be cylindrical or conical. All the teeth must be the same shape and size. The two wheels and the two axles rotate in opposite directions.
    - - This is a system of more than two gears connected together. In this system, the rotary movement of the first axle is transmitted to the second by means of wheels 1 and 2. Wheel 3 rotates with the same velocity as wheel 2 and doves wheel 4, to which it's connected
    - - There are two pulleys or wheels that are a certain distance apart. Their axles are parallel and they rotate simultaneously because of the belt. The two pulleys (and the two axles) rotate in the same direction. The rotation of one axle is transmitted to the other via the connected pulleys
    - - t's a system of pulleys, or wheels, with a belt formed by more than two wheels. All the wheels rotate m the same direction.
    - - Friction drives are made up of two or more wheels that are in contact. The first wheel is called the primary drive wheel. When it moves, it turns or drives the second or output wheel, causing it to move as well. The output wheel rotates in the opposite direction of the primary wheel. lf we use more than two wheels, each one rotates tn the opposite direction to the one next to it.